PDR for Herbal Medicines

792 /WAHOO PDR FOR HERBAL MEDICINES

DOSAGE

Mode of Administration: Wahoo root bark and fruit are not

recommended for use. as the drug is considered too

dangerous.

LITERATURE

Bishay DW et al., PH 12:693. 1973.

Bliss CA, Ramstad E. J Am Pharm Assoc 46:423. 1957.

Briining R, Wagner H. PH 17:1821. 1978.

Kislichenko SG et al., Khim Prir Soedin 386. 1969.

Kislichenko SG et al.. Khim Prir Soedin 193 et 241. 1967.

Tschesche R, Wirtz S. Snatzke G. Chem Ber 88:1619. 1955.

Further information in:

Frohne D, Pfander HJ, Giftpflanzen - Ein Handbuch ftir

Apotheker. Toxikologen und Biologen. 4. Aufl.. Wiss.

Verlagsges. mbH Stuttgart 1997.

Gazzinelli RT, Romanha AJ. Fontes G. Chiari E. Gazzinelli G.

Brenner Z, Distribution of carbohydrates recognized by the

lectins Euonymus europaeus and concanavaiin A in monoxenic

and heteroxenic trypanosomatids. J Protozool. 38:320-5, Jul-

Aug, 1991.

Kern W, List PH, Horhammer L (Hrsg.). Hagers Handbuch der

Pharmazeutischen Praxis. 4. Aufl.. Bde. 1-8. Springer Verlag

Berlin. Heidelberg, New York, 1969.

Lewin L, Gifte und Vergiftungen. 6. Aufl.. Nachdruck, Haug

Verlag. Heidelberg 1992.

Madaus G, Lehrbuch der Biologischen Arzneimittel, Bde 1-3,

Nachdruck, Georg Olms Verlag Hildesheim 1979.

Nickrent DL, Franchina CR, Phylogenetic relationships of the

Santalales and relatives. J Mol Evol, 26:294-301. Oct, 1990.

Roth L, Daunderer M. Kormann K, Giftpflanzen, Pflanzengifte,

4. Aufl., Ecomed Fachverlag Landsberg Lech 1993.
   Roussel F, Dal ion J, Wissocq JC, Cytotoxic cardenolides from
   woods of Euonymus alata. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo), 26:615-


5. Mar, 1996.
   Roussel F, Dalion J, Wissocq JC, Euonymus europaeus lectin
   as an endothelial and epithelial marker in canine tissues. Lab
   Anim, 26:114-21. Apr, 1992.
   Roussel F, Dalion J, Wissocq JC. Lectin binding defines and
   differentiates M-cells in mouse small intestine and caecum.
   Histochem Cell Biol, 26:161-8. Aug, 1995
   Roussel F, Dalion J, Wissocq JC. Occupational wood-dust
   sensitivity from Euonymus europaeus (spindle tree) and
   investigation of cross reactivity between E.e. wood and
   Artemisia vulgaris pollen (mugwort). Allergy, 26:186-90. Apr,


6. 
   

   Teuscher E, Biogene Arzneimittel. 5. Aufl., Wiss. Verlagsges.
   mbH Stuttgart 1997.

   
   

Wang W, Wang J, Zhao D, Liu H. Zhou W, Chen K,
Comparison of Spatholobus suberectus Dum Euonymus alatus
(Thunb.) Sieb. and Eupolyphaga sinensis Walker on regulation

of plasma lipid. Chung Kuo Chung Yao Tsa Chih, 38:299-301

320, 1991 May

Wallflower

Cheiranthus cheiri

DESCRIPTION

Medicinal Parts: The medicinal parts are the dried flowers,

the dried ripe seeds and the fresh aerial parts of the erect

plant before flowering.

Flower and Fruit: The flowers are golden yellow to orange-

yellow in dense racemes on 10 to 14 cm long, pubescent,

erect stems. The sepals are 9 to 11 mm long, linear-

lanceolate, with a membranous border. The stigma is curled

back. The fruit is a pod, which has no beak but has distinct

ribs*. The seeds are arranged in 1 row, are 3 mm long,

oblong, narrowly winged and light brown.

Leaves, Stem and Root: The plant grows from about 30 to 70

cm. The stems are woody below and semi-shrub-like with

gray-appressed hairs and thick foliage above. The leaves are

lanceolate with revolute tip, short-petioled, entire-margined

and hairy.

Characteristics: The plant has a pleasant fragrance.

Habitat: The plant is probably only indigenous to the eastern

Mediterranean region, but is cultivated today in Europe,

northern Africa, western Asia, Japan and New Zealand.

Production: Wallflower can be obtained from commercial

growers (cultivated regions).

Other Names: Gillyflower, Wallstock-Gillofer, Giroflier,

Handflower, Keiri, Beeflower

ACTIONS AND PHARMACOLOGY

COMPOUNDS

Cardioactive steroid glycosides (cardenolids): in particularly

high concentration in the seeds (0.5%), including cheirotox-

in, erysimoside, glucoerysimoside, cheiroside A

Glucosinolates: glucocheiroline, glucoiberin, which yield the

isothiocyanates cheiroline and iberin

Fatty oil (in the seeds)

EFFECTS

The drug has cardiac effects similar to digitaloid drugs, due

to the cardenolide glycosides. Its application for constipation

is plausible because of the inhibition of Na+ and H2O

absorption and the stimulating effect on the smooth muscles

of the gastrointestinal tract.