PDR for Herbal Medicines

34/ANGELICA PDR FOR HERBAL MEDICINES

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Angelica archangelica

See Angelica

Angostura

Galipea officinalis

DESCRIPTION

Medicinal Parts: The medicinal part is the dried bark of the

tree.

Flower and Fruit: The flowers are in terminal, peduncled

and closed racemes. The fruit is a 5-valved capsule, of which

2 or 3 are often sterile. There are 2 round, black seeds in

each capsule and usually only one seed is fertile.

Leaves, Stem and Root: Galipea officinalis is a small 4 to 5

m high tree, which is 7.5 to 12.5 cm in diameter and has a

straight trunk and irregular branches. The bark is smooth and

gray. It is slightly curved or quilled. The outer layer is

sometimes soft and spongy; the inner surface is yellowish-

gray. The transverse section is dark brown. The bright green

leaves are smooth, glossy, alternate and petiolate. They

sometimes have white spots. The 3 leaflets are oblong,

pointed and 4 cm long.

Characteristics: The flowers have a strong scent, which

initially resembles that of tobacco. The taste is bitter.

Habitat: Angostura is indigenous to Venezuela and tropical

regions of South America.

Production: Angostura is the whole or ground bark of

Galipea officinalis.

Other Names: Cusparia Bark, True Angostura

ACTIONS AND PHARMACOLOGY

COMPOUNDS

Volatile oil: chief constitents galipol, (-)- cadinene, galipene

Quinolin alkaloids: including cusparine including galipine,

galipoline, quinaldine, cuspareine, galipoidine, l-methyl-2-

quinolone

Angustorine (bitter iridoid glycoside)

EFFECTS

Angostura stimulates gastric juices and acts as a tonic. In

larger doses, the drug also has an emetic and strong laxative

effect.

INDICATIONS AND USAGE

Unproven Uses: Folk medicine indications include diarrhea;

it is also used as a febrifuge.

PRECAUTIONS AND ADVERSE REACTIONS

No health hazards or side effects are known in conjunction

with the proper administration of designated therapeutic

dosages. The administration of larger doses can lead to

nausea and vomiting.