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in Food Drugs and Cosmetics, John Wiley & Sons Inc., New
York 1980.Birthwort
Aristolochia clematitis
DESCRIPTION
Medicinal Parts: The medicinal parts are the aerial portion
(when in blossom) and the root.
Flower and Fruit: The plant has dirty yellow flowers,
usually in axillary groups of 7. The perigone forms a straight
tube, which is bulbous beneath and has a linguiform, oblong-
ovate, obtuse border. There are 6 stamens, the style is
upward growing, and the stigma is 6-lobed. The flower
briefly traps the insects that pollinate it. The fruit is a
globose, pear-shaped capsule.Leaves, Stem and Root: The plant grows to a height of 30 to
100 cm. The stem is erect, simple, grooved and glabrous.
The leaves are alternate, long-petioled, cordate-reniform,
yellow-green with prominent ribs.Characteristics: The plant has a fruit-like fragrance and is
poisonous.Habitat: Indigenous to Mediterranean regions, Asia Minor
and the Caucasus, but is also found in numerous other
regions.
Production: Birthwort is the aerial part of Aristolochia
clematitis.
ACTIONS AND PHARMACOLOGY
COMPOUNDS
Aristolochic acids {10-nitro-phenanthrene-l-acids): in par-
ticular aristolochic acids I and II
Isoquinoline alkaloids: including magnoflorin, corytuberin