PDR for Herbal Medicines

118/BRAZILIAN PEPPER TREE

Storage: Store tightly sealed and protected from light in a

cool* dry place.

LITERATURE

Hansel R, Keller K, Rimpler H, Schneider G (Ed), Hagers

Haridbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, 5. Aufl., Bde 4-6

(Drogen), Springer Verlag Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, 1992-

1994.

Hayashi T, Nagayama K, Arisawa M, Shimizu M, Suzuki S,

Yoshizaki M, Morita N, Ferro E, Basualdo I, Berganza LH,

Pentagalloylglucose, a xanthine oxidase inhibitor from a

Paraguayan crude drug, Molle-i (Schinus terebinthifolius). J Nat

Prod, 39:210-1, 1989 Jan-Feb.

Jain MK, Yu BZ. Rogers JM, Smith AE, Boger ET, Ostrander

RL, Rheingold AL, Specific competitive inhibitor of secreted

phospholipase A2 from berries of Schinus terebinthifolius.

Phytochemistry, 39:537-47, 1995 Jun.

Ramos Ruiz A, De la Torre RA, Alonso N, Villaescusa A,

Betancourt J, Vizoso A, Screening of medicinal plants for

induction of somatic segregation activity in Aspergillus

nidulans. J Ethnopharmacol, 39:123-7, 1996 Jul 5.

Brewer's Yeast

Saccharomyces cerevisiae

DESCRIPTION

Medicinal Parts: The medicinal part is the mature, debit-

tered, bottom-fermented Brewer's Yeast.

Flower and Fruit: The cells may be single, in pairs, in chains

or aggregate. On a suitable solid fertile base the individual

cell colonies have smooth margins, are slightly convex to flat

and are whitish to cream-yellow. Older individual colonies

are slightly raised, smooth or slightly lobed (sometimes in

sections), or folded, and are yellowish to light brown. The

vegetative reproduction is via multilateral budding. Ascos-

pores are produced from the vegetative cells. There are

normally 1 to 4, occasionally more, round, smooth-walled

ascospores per ascus.

Characteristics: Brewer's Yeast is found extensively in the

wild, and it lives as a saprophytic parasite or symbiotically.

Habitat: Brewer's Yeast is grown worldwide.
Production: Medicinal yeast consists of fresh or dried cells
of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and/or of Candida utilis.
ACTIONS AND PHARMACOLOGY
COMPOUNDS
Vitamins of the B group (per 100 gm): thiamin 8-15 mg,
riboflavin 4-8 mg, nicotinic acid amide 45-90 mg, pantothen-
ic acid 7-25 mg, pyridoxine 4-10 mg, biotin 20 jig, folic acid
1-5 mg, vitamin B-12 20 fig

PDR FOR HERBAL MEDICINES

Polysaccharides: mannans, glucans

Proteins

Amines

Sterols: ergosterol, zymosterol

EFFECTS

The yeast is antibacterial and stimulates phagocytosis.

INDICATIONS AND USAGE

Approved by Commission E:

• Dyspeptic complaints


• Eczema, furuncles, acne


• Loss of appetite
  Unproven Uses: Brewer's Yeast is used for constipation and
  itching skin diseases.
  PRECAUTIONS AND ADVERSE REACTIONS
  General: Health risks or side effects following the proper
  administration of designated therapeutic dosages are not
  recorded. The intake of large quantities can cause gas.
  Allergic intolerance reactions are possible (itching, urticaria,
  exanthema, Quinck's disease). Migraine headaches can be
  triggered in susceptible patients.

Drug Interactions: The simultaneous intake of monoamine

oxidase inhibitors can cause an increase in blood pressure.

DOSAGE

Mode of Administration: Medicinal yeast and galenic prepa-

rations are available for internal use. Pharmaceutical forms

include tablets and compound preparations.

Daily Dosage: The average daily dosage is 6 gm.

Storage: Store in air-tight containers protected from light.

LITERATURE

Aflmann C, Mikroorganismen:Bioth2rapeutika bei

Infektionskrankheiten. In: DAZ 136(46):4136-4137. 1996.

Anonym, Hefepraparate haben sich bewahrt. In: PTA 5(9):433.

1991.

Bockeler W, Thomas G, (1989): In-vitro-Studien zur

destabilisierenden Wirkung lyophilisierter Saccharomyces

cerevisiae Hansen CBS 5926-Zellen auf Enterobakterien. Lafk

sich diese Eigenschaft biochemisch erklaren? In, Miiller J,

Ottenjann R, Seifert J (Hrsg), Okosystem Darm, Springer

Verlag, S 142-153.

Czerucka D, Roux 1, Rampal P, (1994) Saccharomyces boulardii

inhibits sectretagogue-mediated adenosin-cyclic monophosphate

induction in intestinal cells. Gastroenterology 106:65-72.

Ewe K, (1983) Obstipation - Pathophysiologic Klinik, Therapie.

Int Welt 6:286-292.

Gedek B, Hagenhoff G, (1989) Orale Verabreichung von

lebensfahigen Zellen des Hefestammes Saccharomyces cerevisiae