PDR for Herbal Medicines

134/BUTTERCUP

OVERDOSAGE

Death by asphyxiation following the intake of large quanti-

ties of protoanemonine-forming plants has been observed in

animal experiments.

DOSAGE

Mode of Administration: Buttercup is available as a ground

dried herb and as an extract.

LITERATURE

Bonora A et al., PH 26:2277. 1987.

Frohne D, Pfander HJ: Giftpflanzen - Ein Handbuch fur

Apotheker, Toxikologen und Biologen, 4. Aufl., Wiss. Verlags-

Ges. Stuttgart 1997

Hegnauer R, Chemotaxonomie der Pflanzen, Bde l-ll:

Birkhauser Verlag Basel, Boston, Berlin 1962-1997.

Kern W, List PH, Horhammer L (Hrsg.), Hagers Handbuch der

Pharmazeutischen Praxis, 4. Aufl., Bde. 1-8: Springer Verlag

Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, 1969.

Roth L, Daunderer M, Kormann K, Giftpflanzen, Pflanzengifte,

4. Aufl., Ecomed Fachverlag Landsberg Lech 1993.
   Ruijgrok HWL, PM 11:338-347. 1963.
   Teuscher E, Lindequist U: Biogene Gifte - Biologie, Chemie,
   Pharmakologie, 2. Aufl., Fischer Verlag Stuttgart 1994.

Butternut

Juglans cinerea

TRADE NAMES

Black Walnut (Juglans nigra), Black Walnut Hulls, Alcohol

Free Black Walnut Green Hulls

DESCRIPTION

Medicinal Parts: The medicinal parts are the bark of the tree

and root.

Flower and Fruit: The tree has male catkins and female

flowers. The male catkins are 5 to 8 cm long. The fruit is 4 to

6.5 cm and ovoid-oblong. The fruit is pubescent, viscid and

strong smelling. The hard nut is ovoid-oblong with 4

prominent and 4 less prominent sharp ridges and many

broken grooves between them.

Leaves, Stem and Root: Butternut tree grows up to 30 m tall.

The bark is gray and deeply fissured. The leaf scars have a

prominent pubescent band on their upper edge. The 6 to 12

cm long leaflets are oblong-lanceolate, acuminate and

appressed-serrate. They are finely pubescent above, glandu-

lar and pubescent beneath.

Habitat: Butternut is indigenous to the forests of the U.S.

Production: Butternut bark is the inner rind of Juglans
cinerea.

PDR FOR HERBAL MEDICINES

Other Names: White Walnut, Oil Nut, Lemon Walnut, and

Black Walnut

ACTIONS AND PHARMACOLOGY

COMPOUNDS

Fatty oil

Tannins

Juglone

Juglandis folium

EFFECTS

Vermifuge, laxative, tonic.

INDICATIONS AND USAGE

Unproven Uses: Preparations of the bark are used for

disorders of the gallbladder, for hemorrhoids and in the

treatment of skin diseases. Juglone has antimicrobial, anti-

neoplastic and antiparasitic properties as well as being a

gentle laxative.

PRECAUTIONS AND ADVERSE REACTIONS

No health hazards or side effects are known in conjunction

with the proper administration of designated therapeutic

dosages.

DOSAGE

Mode of Administration: Available preparations include

liquid and dry extracts that are used internally and externally.

How Supplied:

Capsules — 95 mg, 500 mg, 3.5 gm

Fluid Extract -1:1

LITERATURE

Hegnauer R, Chemotaxonomie der Pflanzen, Bde 1-11,

Birkhauser Verlag Basel, Boston, Berlin 1962-1997.

Kern W, List PH, Horhammer L (Hrsg.), Hagers Handbuch der

Pharmazeutischen Praxis, 4. Aufl., Bde. 1-8, Springer Verlag

Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, 1969.

Madaus G, Lehrbuch der Biologischen Arzneimittel, Bde 1-3,

Nachdruck, Georg Olms Verlag Hildesheim 1979.

Buxus sempervirens

See Boxwood

Cabbage

Brassica oleracea

TRADE NAMES

Cabbage Tables (available from various manufacturers)