PDR for Herbal Medicines

HERBAL MONOGRAPHS

Steinegger E, Hansel R, Pharmakognosie, 5. Aufl., Springer
Verlag Heidelberg 1992.
Teuscher E, Lindequist U. Biogene Gifte - Biologie, Chemie,
Pharmakologie, 2. Aufl., Fischer Verlag Stuttgart 1994.
Teuscher E, Biogene Arzneimittel. 5. Aufl., Wiss. Verlagsges.
4t mbH Stuttgart 1997.
Wichtl M (Hrsg.), Teedrogen. 4. Aufl.. Wiss. Verlagsges.
Stuttgart 1997.
COLT'S FOOT LEAF
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Further information in:
Frohne D, Pfander HJ, Giftpflanzen - Ein Handbuch fiir
Apotheker, Toxikologen und Biologen, 4. Aufl., Wiss.
Verlagsges. mbH Stuttgart 1997.
Hansel R, Keller K, Rimpler H, Schneider G (Hrsg.), Hagers
Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, 5. Aufl., Bde 4-6
(Drogen): Springer Verlag Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, 1992-
jfe 1994.

Madaus G, Lehrbuch der Biologischen Arzneimittel, Bde 1-3,

Nachdruck, Georg Olms Verlag Hildesheim 1979.

Roth L, Daunderer M, Kormann K, Giftpflanzen, Pflanzengifte,

4. Aufl., Ecomed Fachverlag Landsberg Lech 1993.
   Steinegger E, Hansel R, Pharmakognosie, 5. Aufl., Springer
   Verlag Heidelberg 1992.
   Teuscher E, Lindequist U, Biogene Gifte - Biologie, Chemie,
   Pharmakologie, 2. Aufl., Fischer Verlag Stuttgart 1994.

COLUMBINE/211

Teuscher E, Biogene Arzneimittel, 5. Aufl., Wiss. Verlagsges.

mbH Stuttgart 1997.

Wichtl M (Hrsg.), Teedrogen, 4. Aufl., Wiss. Verlagsges.

Stuttgart 1997.

Columbine

Aquilegia vulgaris

DESCRIPTION

Medicinal Parts: The medicinal parts are the stems and

leaves, the aerial parts gathered and dried in flowering

season, and the seeds and preparations of the whole plant

also gathered in flowering season.

Flower and Fruit: The long-stemmed flowers are terminal,

hanging, and either dark blue, dark violet, pink or white. The

5 sepals spread like petals. They are broadly ovate, and end

in a blunt, green tip. The 5 petals are hood-shaped with long,

inwardly hooked spurs. There are numerous stamens and

usually 5 ovaries. The follicle is oblong, erect and glandular-

downy. The seeds are glossy black, oval, 2.2 to 2.5 cm long

by 1.5 cm wide. They are thick, blunt-tipped and anatropous.

The raphe forms a distinct line on the side of the plant.

Leaves, Stem and Root: The 30- to 60-cm high plant has a

many-headed, light brown and branched rhizome. The stems

are erect and usually branched. They are glabrous or soft-

haired. The basal leaves are long-petioled and trifoliate. The

leaflets are wedge-shaped to ovoid, blunt, irregularly crenate

to serrate, and bluntly lobed. The underside of the leaves are

usually light green and pubescent. The cauline leaves are

smaller than the basal leaves and simpler. The highest leaves

are usually made up of a few elongate-ovate, entire-margined

lobes.

Habitat: Columbine is indigenous to central and southern

Europe and is also found in the eastern U.S. and Asia.

Production: Columbine herb is the complete aerial part of

Aquilegia vulgaris harvested while in flower and dried.

Other Names: Culverwort, Capon's Feather, Culver Key

ACTIONS AND PHARMACOLOGY

COMPOUNDS

Cyanogenic glycosides: trigloquinine, dhurrin (presumably

only traces)

EFFECTS

It is not known which constituents are responsible for the

herb's effects. The cyanogenic glycoside trigloquinine could

possibly be of toxicological interest but is probably only

present in traces.