HERBAL MONOGRAPHSGerman, 1995). Also, spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma
has been reported with garlic (Rose, 1990).Hypersensitivity: Occupational asthma induced by inhalation
and ingestion of garlic^5 has been observed (Lybarger, 1982).if Ocular: The alliin, S-alkyl cysteine sulfoxide, which decom-
poses into a variety of thiosulfinates and polysulfides via
allinase upon extraction (crushing), produces a lacrimation
effect (Augusti, 1996).Olfactory: Garlic therapy is associated with body odor or
halitosis (Berthold, 1998).Nursing: Not to be used while nursing.Drug Interactions: Concomitant use of garlic with antico-
agulants such as Coumadin and antiplatelets such as aspirin
and dipyridamole could increase the risk of bleeding due to
the effect of garlic on platelet aggregation and fibrinogen.
(Agerwal, 1996; Bordia, 1998; Legnani, 1993; Newall, 1996;
Robbers, 1996). NSAID's, such as indomethacin, could
increase bleeding time by decreasing platelet aggregation
(Agerwal, 1996; Bordia, 1998; Legnani, 1993).^ DOSAGE
Mode of Administration: The minced bulb and preparations
are for internal use and external treatment. Garlic oil
maceration or garlic oil resulting from steam distillation is
widely available.How Supplied:
Capsules — 3 mg, 100 mg, 270 mg (total allicin 5000 meg),
300 mg, 500 mg, 580 mg (total allicin 3 mg), 600 mg (total
allicin 2500 meg or standardized to 500 meg allicin), 1000
mg, 1500 mg, 5000 mgDried powderOil macerationsTablets — 300 mg, 400 mg (total allicin 3 mg), 500 mg, 600
mg (total allicin 5000 meg), 810 mgPreparation: Garlic oil maceration — Bulbs are homoge-
nized and stirred in fatty oil (1:1) for 48 hours, then filtered.£. Solid garlic extract — An extraction of the chopped bulbs
with ethanol or methanol is allowed to evaporate.
Aqueous extract — Fresh bulbs are macerated in cold water
(1:1).Fermented garlic — The minced drug is soaked over a long
duration in a water-ethanol mixture, volatile agents escape,
and the garlic becomes odorless. Steam distillations and
tinctures are also possible.GARLIC /329Daily Dosage:
General — The average daily dose is 4 gm of fresh garlic or
8 mg of essential oil. One fresh garlic clove, 1 to 2 times
daily.
Arteriosclerosis — Daily doses of 600-800 mg of garlic
powder and dried garlic have been shown to be effective
(Harenberg, 1988: Kiesewetter. 1991).
Hyperlipidemia — A total daily dose of 600-900 mg of
garlic powder (standardized to 1.3% of alliin content) has
been shown effective (Holzgartner, 1992; Isaacsohn, 1998;
Mader, 1990; Simons, 1995).
Hypertension — The effective dose is garlic powder taken
200-300 mg three times daily (Auer, 1990; Sigagy, 1994).
External — Fresh garlic applied to the skin as an antimicro-
bial dressing should not be left for more than a few hours
due to case reports of burns (Garty, 1993; Parish, 1987:
Roberge, 1997).
Homeopathic Dosage: 5 drops, 1 tablet or 10 globules every
30 to 60 minutes (acute) or 1 to 3 times daily (chronic);
parenterally: 1 to 2 times daily sc; ointment 1 to 2 times
daily (HAB1)
Storage: Garlic should be hung in plaits in a dry place.
LITERATURE
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Apitz-Castro R et al., (1983) Thromb Res 32:155.
Asero R, Mistrello G, Roncarolo D et al., A case of garlic
allergy. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1998 Mar;101(3):427-8.
Augusti KT, Therapeutic values of onion (Allium cepa L.) and
garlic (Allium sativum L.). Indian J Exp Biol 19%
Jul;34(7):634-40.
Augusti KT, Benaim ME, (1974) Clin Chim Acta 60:121.
Augusti KT, Mathew PT, (1974) Experientia 30:468.
Block E et al., (1984) J Am Chem Soc 106:8295.
Berthold HK, Sudhop T, von Bergmann K, Effect of garlic oil
preparation on serum lipoproteins and cholesterol metabolism: a
randomized controlled trial. JAMA 1998 Jun 17,279(23): 1900-2.
Bordia A et al., Effect of garlic (Allium sativum) on blood
lipids, blood sugar, fibrinogen and fibrinolytic activity in
patients with coronary artery disease. Prostaglandins Leukot
Essent Fatty Acids. 1998 Apr;58(4):257-63.
Brahmachar MD, Augusti KT, (1962) J Pharm Pharmacol 14:
254 and 617.
Burnham BE, Garlic as a possible risk for postoperative
bleeding. Plast Reconstr Surg 1995 Jan;95(l):213.
Chaudhuri BN et al., (1984) Biomed Biochim Acta 41:1045.