PDR for Herbal Medicines

HERBAL MONOGRAPHS GERMAN IPECAC / 335

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Stuttgart 1997.

German Ipecac

Cynanchum vincetoxicum

DESCRIPTION

Medicinal Parts: The medicinal parts of the plant are the

leaves or rhizome with the attached roots.

Flower and Fruit: The plant has small white flowers in

peduncled cymes, 5 sepals and a wheel-shaped corolla.

There is a 5-lobed secondary corolla. There are 5 stamens

whose anthers are fused to a 5-sectioned wreath. The 2

superior ovaries have a common stigma. The fruit is a 5 cm

long, glabrous, striped, clavate follicle. The seeds have silky

tufts of hair.

Leaves, Stem and Root: The plant grows from 30 to 100 cm.

The underground creeping rhizome has heavily branched

runners. The stem is unbranched, thin and erect. The leaves

are opposite, short petioled, ovate to oblong and entire-

margined.

Characteristics: The fresh rhizome has an intensive odor.

The taste is sweet, then bitter-hot. It is poisonous.

Habitat: The plant is indigenous to Europe.

Production: German Ipecac herb and rhizome are the leaves

and rhizome (including attached roots) of Cynanchum

vincetoxicum. The subterranean rhizome, including parts of

the roots, are dug up in autumn, cleaned and quickly dried at

temperatures of up to 50° C.

ACTIONS AND PHARMACOLOGY

COMPOUNDS

Saponin-like 15-oxasteroide glycosides (mixture termed

vincetoxin): aglycones including hirundigenin, anhydrohi-

rundigenin, vincetogenin

Isoquinoline alkaloids: including tylophorine

EFFECTS

The drug has diuretic, diaphoretic, digestive and emmena-

gogic effects. The alkaloids have an antitumoral effect, and

the chloroform extract has an antimicrobial effect.

INDICATIONS AND USAGE

Unproven Uses: The drug was formerly used as a diuretic,

diaphoretic and emetic, and for the treatment of kidney

complaints, edema, the plague, snake bite and dysmenorrhea.

Today, it is used in the treatment of digestive and kidney

disorders and for dysmenorrhea. The poultices heal swellings