PDR for Herbal Medicines

(Barré) #1
HERBAL MONOGRAPHS GINGER /341

Preparation: To prepare an infusion, pour boiling water over
0.5 to 1 g drug and strain after 5 minutes (1 teaspoonful = 3 g
drug).
Daily Dosage:
ANTI-EMESIS
Capsules/Powder — 0.5 to 2 grams (Bisset,1994; Schmid et
al, 1994)
CHEMOTHERAPY-INDUCED NAUSEA AND VOMITING
All dosage forms — 1.5 grams (Myer et al, 1995).
DYSPEPSIA
Capsules/Powder — 2 to 4 grams/day
HYPEREMESIS GRAVIDARUM
Capsules/Powder — 1 gram/day given for 4 days (Fischer-
Rasmussen et al, 1990).

MOTION SICKNESS
Capsules/Powder — 1 gram to be taken 30 minutes before
travel; for continuing symptoms, 0.5 to 1 gram every 4 hours
(Muller & Clauson, 1997).

POSTOPERATIVE NAUSEA AND VOMITING
Capsules/Powder — 0.5 to 2 gram daily

RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS. OSTEOARTHRITIS
Powder — 1 to 2 grams/day (Srivastava & Mustafa, 1992).
Storage: Powdered Ginger root should be stored in a cool,
dry place protected from light. Powdered Ginger should not
be stored in plastic containers.
LITERATURE
Bisset NG (ed). Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceuticals; a
Handbook for Practice on a Scientific Basis. Medpharm
Scientific Publishers, Stuttgart and CRC Press, Boca Raton,
1994.
Bone ME, Wilkinson DJ, Young JR et al.. Ginger root- a new
antiemetic. The effect of ginger root on postoperative nausea
and vomiting after major gynecological surgery. Anaesthesia
45:669-71. 1990.
Bracken J, Ginger as an antiemetic: possible side effects due to
its thromboxane synthetase activity. Anaesthesia; 46:705-706.
1991.
Chang CP, Chang JY, Wang FY et al.. The effect of Chinese
medicinal herb Zingiberis rhizoma extract on cytokine secretion
by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. J
Ethnopharmacol 48:13-19. 1995.
Chen CC, Ho CT, J Agric Food Chem 36:322. 1988.
Denyer CV, Jackson P, Loakes DM, Isolation of antirhinoviral
sesquiterpenes from ginger (Zingiber officinale). In: JNP
57(5):658-662. 1994.


Desai HG, Kalro RH & Choksi AP, Effect of ginger & garlic
on DNA content of gastric aspirate. Ind J Med Res 92:139-41,
1990.


Erler J et al., Z Lebensm Unters Forsch 186:231. 1988.
Fintelmann V, Phytopharmaka in der Gastroenterologie. In: ZPT
15(3): 137. 1994.
Fischer-Rasmussen W, Kjaer S, Dahl C et al., Ginger treatment
of hyperemesis gravidarum. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol
38:19-24. 1990.
Fulder S & Tenne M, Ginger as an anti-nausea remedy in
pregnancy; the issue of safety. Herbalgram 1991; 38(Fall):47-50.
Gujral S et al., (1978) Nutr Rep Int 17:183.
Harvey DJ, J Chromatogr 212:75. 1981.
Iwu MM (ed), Handbook of African Medicinal Plants. CRC
Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1993.
Hikino H, In: Economic, Medicinal Plant Research. Vol. 1.
Acadamic Press UK 1985.
Kasahara Y, Hikino H, (1983) Shoyakugaku Zasshi 37:73.
Kavvai T et al., Anti-emtic principles of Magnolia obovata bark
and Zingiber officinale rhizome. In: PM 60:17. 1994.
Kikuchi F et al., (1982) Chem Pharm Bull 30. 754.
Kikuzaki H, Kobayashi M, Nakatani N, Constituents of
Zingiberaceae. 4. Diarylheptanoids from Rhizomes of Zingiber
officinale. In: PH 30: 3947. 1991.
Kikuzaki H, Kobayashi M, Nakatani N, Diarylheptanoids from
rhizomes of Zingiber officinale. In: PH 30(11):3647-3651. 1991.
Kikuzaki H, Tsai SM, Nakatani N, Gingerdiol related
compounds from the rhizomes of Zingiber officinale. In: PH
31(5):1783-1786. 1992.
Kiuchi F, Iwakami S, Shibuya M et al., Inhibition of
prostaglandin and leukotriene biosynthesis by gingerols and
diarylheptanoids. Chem Pharm Bull 40(2):387-391. 1992.
Macolo N, Jain R, Jain SC et al., Ethnopharmacologic
investigation of ginger (Zingiber officinale). J Ethnopharmacol
27:129-40, 1989.
Maries RJ, Kaminski J, Arnason JT, Pazos-Sanou L, Heptinstall
S, Fischer NH, Crompton CW, Kindark DG, A bioassay for
inhibition of serotonin release from bovine platelets. In: JNP
55:1044-1056. 1992.
Mikawa U et al., Delayed-type allergy-controlling agents
containing gingerones. In: Patent Jap. 1988.
Mowrey DB, Clayson DE, (1982) Lancet II, 655.
Muller JL & Ciauson KA., Pharmaceutical considerations of
common herbal medicine. Am J Managed Care 1997; 3:1753-




    1. Nagabhushan M, Amonkar AJ, Bhide SV, Mutagenicity of
      gingerol and shoagol and antimutagenicity in zingerone in
      Salmonella/microsme assay. In: Cancer-Lett (Shannon Irel)
      36(2)221-233. 1987.
      Narasimhan S, Govinarajan VS, (1978) J Food Tech 13:31.
      Phillips S, Ruggier R & Hutchinson SE., Zingiber officinale
      (ginger) - an antiemetic for day case surgery. Anaesthesia
      48:715-717. 1993.



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