PDR for Herbal Medicines

424 /IPECAC PDR FOR HERBAL MEDICINES

Dosage: Infusion 0.5%: 10 ml (adults)

Homeopathic Dosage: 5 drops, 1 tablet, 10 globules every 30

to 60 minutes (acute) or 1 to 3 times daily (chronic);

parenterally: 1 to 2 ml sc acute: 3 times daily; chronic: once

a day; suppositories: 2 to 3 times daily (chronic) (HAB1).

Storage: Store carefully in the dark in tightly sealed

containers.

LITERATURE

Berrens L, Young E, (1963) Int. Arch All. Appl. Immunol.

22:51.

Garrettson LK, Ipecac home use- we need hope replaced with

data- editoral comment. In: J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 29(4):515.

1991.

Kleinschartz W, Litovitz T, Overda GM, Bailey KM, Kuba A,

The effect of milk on Ipecac-induced emesis. In: J Toxicol

Clint Toxicol 29(4):505. 1991.

Kunkel N, Vergiftungen: Aktivkohle, Ipecacuanhasirup oder

Magenspulung? In: DAZ 132(30): 1587. 1992.

Nagakura N et al.. Four tetrahydroisoquinoline-monoterpene

glucosides from Cephaelis ipecacuanha. In: PH 32:761. 1993.

Wiegrebe W, Kramer WJ, Shamma M, The emetine alkaloids.

In: JNP 47(3):397. 1984.

Further information in:

Hansel R, Keller K, Rimpler H, Schneider G (Hrsg.), Hagers

Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, 5. AufL, Bde 4-6

(Drogen), Springer Verlag Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, 1992-

1994.

Leung AY, Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients Used

in Food, Drugs and Cosmetics, John Wiley & Sons Inc., New

York 1980.

Lewin L, Gifte und Vergiftungen, 6. AufL, Nachdruck, Haug

Verlag, Heidelberg 1992.

Madaus G, Lehrbuch der Biologischen Arzneimittel, Bde 1-3,

Nachdruck, Georg Olms Verlag Hildesheim 1979.

Roth L, Daunderer M, Kormann K, Giftpflanzen, Pflanzengifte,

4. AufL, Ecomed Fachverlag Landsberg Lech 1993.
   Steinegger E, Hansel R, Pharmakognosie, 5. AufL, Springer
   Verlag Heidelberg 1992.
   Teuscher E, Lindequist U, Biogene Gifte - Biologie, Chemie,
   Pharmakologie, 2. AufL, Fischer Verlag Stuttgart 1994.
   Teuscher E, Biogene Arzneimittel, 5. AufL, Wiss. Verlagsges.
   Stuttgart 1997.
   Wagner H, Wiesenauer M, Phytotherapie. Phytopharmaka und
   pflanzliche Hombopathika, Fischer-Verlag, Stuttgart, Jena, New
   York 1995.

Wichtl M (Hrsg.), Teedrogen, 4. AufL, Wiss. Verlagsges.
Stuttgart 1997.

Ipomoea orizabensis

See Mexican Scammony Root

Ipomoea purga

See Jalap

Iporuru

Alchornea floribunda

DESCRIPTION

Medicinal Parts: The medicinal part of the plant is the bark.

Flower and Fruit: The female inflorescence is apical and up

to 25 cm long; the male inflorescence is axillary and 10 to 25

cm long with pale green flowers. The ovary is 3-carpeled and

fused. The fruit is a 3-chambered capsule with glossy

brownish seeds.

Leaves, Stem and Root: Alchornea floribunda is a tree or

shrub up to 4.5 m, occasionally up to 10 m high. The leaves

are clustered at the end of the glabrous branches. They are

short-petiolate, lanceolate to spatulate, 15 to 35 cm long, 6 to

13 cm wide, glabrous above and slightly downy beneath. The

stipules are 3 to 9 mm long and downy.

Habitat: Tropical Africa, Amazon region

Production: Niando root is the fresh or dried root of

Alchornea floribunda collected in the wild.

Other Names: Macochihua, Niando, Malan

ACTIONS AND PHARMACOLOGY

COMPOUNDS

Imidazole alkaloids (0.6 to 1.2%): alchornein (0.4%),

isoalchornein (0.005%)

Tannins

EFFECTS

The drug has stimulating and hallucinogenic effect upon

humans, due to the alkaloids it contains (chief active

ingredient alchornein). An elevation in the sensitivity of the

sympaticus to adrenaline was demonstrated in animal

experiments. In- comparison to atropine, alchorneine tartrate

has a strong anticholinergic, vagolytic and peristalsis-inhibit-

ing effect; in addition, it exhibits the action of a weak local

anesthetic.

INDICATIONS AND USAGE

Unproven Uses: The drug can be used for respiratory and

urinary tract infections and conditions of the gastrointestinal