HERBAL MONOGRAPHS JAMBOLAN/429INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Unproven Uses: The drug is used for states of anxiety and
fear and as a daytime sedative.
PRECAUTIONS AND ADVERSE REACTIONS
, No health hazards or side effects are known in conjunction
with the proper administration of designated therapeutic
dosages.
DOSAGE
Mode of Administration: The drug and liquid extract are no
longer in use. It has been used in some medicinal
preparations.
LITERATURE
Aurousseau M et al., (1965) Ann Pharm Franc 23:251.
Heller W, Tamm C, (1975) Helv Chim Acta 58:974.
Nordal A et al.. (1966) Acta Chem Scand 20:1431.
Pietta P, Zio C. (1983) J Chrom. 260:497.
Schwartz JSP et al.. (1964) Tetrahedron 20:1317.
Stamm OA et al., (1958) Helv Chim Acta 41:2006.
Further information in:
Kern W, List PH, Horhammer L (Hrsg.), Hagers Handbuch der
Pharmazeutischen Praxis, 4. Aufl., Bde. 1-8, Springer Verlag
Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, 1969.
Leung AY. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients Used
in Food. Drugs and Cosmetics, John Wiley & Sons Inc., New
York 1980.
Madaus G, Lehrbuch der Biologischen Arzneimittel, Bde. 1-3,
Nachdruck, Georg Olms Verlag Hildesheim 1979.
Steinegger E. Hansel R, Pharmakognosie, 5. Aufl., Springer
Verlag Heidelberg 1992.
Wagner H, Wiesenauer M, Phytotherapie. Phytopharmaka und
pflanzliche Homoopathika, Fischer-Verlag, Stuttgart, Jena, New
York 1995.Jambolan
Syzygium cumini
DESCRIPTION
Medicinal Parts: The medicinal parts are the dried bark, the
4fc dried seed kernels, the disintegrated kernels, the dried trunk
bark and the macerated seeds.
Flower and Fruit: The flowers are in compound, triple
panicles. They are sessile, whitish, fragrant, and are usually
on older branches behind the leaves. The calyx tube is 4 to 6
mm long and twisted. The petals are hood-like. There are
approximately 60 stamens, which are as long as the calyx
tube. The drupe is initially pink, becoming black when ripe.
The drupe is 1.2 to 3 cm long, globular to ovate, 1-valved, 1-
seeded and edible. The seeds are subcylindrical, about 6 mm
long and rather less in diameter. One end of the seed is
truncated and has a central depression. Externally, they are
hard, tough and blackish-brown; internally they are pinkish-
brown.Characteristics: The taste of the seeds is faintly astringent
and aromatic; the odor is slight.Habitat: The plant is indigenous to the east Indian Malayian
region. It has spread as far as China and Australia and is
cultivated on the Antilles.
Production: Jambolan seed consists of the dried seed of
Syzygium cumini (syn. Syzygium jambolana). Because the
commodity consists mostly of the dried, fallen apart cotyle-
dons, they must be broken apart in order to produce the drug.
Jambolan bark consists of the dried bark from the trunk of
Syzygium cumini (syn Syzygium jambolana).
Other Names: Jambul, Jamum, Java Plum, Rose Apple
ACTIONS AND PHARMACOLOGY
COMPOUNDS: JAMBOLAN SEED
Fatty oil (3-5%): containing oleic acid, myristic acid,
palmitic acid and linoleic acid, sterculiac acid and malvalic
acid (cyclopropylidenic acids), among others, as well as
vernolic acid (epoxy fatty acid)Tannins (6%): including corilagin, 3,3'-Di-0-methyl ellagic
acid, galloyl glucose
EFFECTS: JAMBOLAN SEED
Anti-inflammatory actions were demonstrated in animal
experiments. Results of hypoglycemic and CNS experiments
were not conclusive.COMPOUNDS: JAMBOLAN BARK
Tannins: gallic and ellagic acid derivatives including 3,3'-
Di-O-methyl ellagic acid
Steroids: sterols, including beta-sitosterol, beta-sitosterol
glucoside
Triterpenes: betulinic acid, friedelin, friedelan-3-alpha-ole,
epi-friedelanol, eugenin
Flavonoids: including myricetin, kempferol, quercetin,
astragalinEFFECTS: JAMBOLAN BARK
The bark has astringent effects because of the tannin content.
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
JAMBOLAN SEED
Unproven Uses: Jambolan seed is used for diabetes and in
combination preparations for atonic and spastic constipation,
diseases of the pancreas, gastric and pancreatic complaints,
nervous disorders and as a diuretic.