476/LILY-OF-THE-VALLEYPreparation: Tincture 1:10; liquid extract: 1:1; dry extract:
4:1.
Daily Dosage: The average daily dose of the drug: 0.6 g of
tincture; 0.6 g of liquid extract; 0.15 g of dried extract. The
average single dose: 2 g of tincture: 0.2 g of liquid extract;
0.05 g~"of dry extract. In intravenous application, the full
effective dose of convaltoxin is 0.4 to 0.6 mg, the prepared
dose 0.2 to 0.3 mg.
Storage: The preparations should be stored in well-sealed
containers and protected from light.
LITERATURE
Bleier W et al., (1965) Pharm Acta Helv 40:554.
Holzl J. Franz C. PM 24:378. 1973.
Kopp B, Kubelka W, (1982) Planta Med 45:87.
Krenn L, Schlifelner L, Stimpfl T, Kopp B, HPLC separation
and quantitative determination of cardenolides in Herba
Convallariae. In: PM 58(7)A82. 1992.
Laufke R, (1958) Planta Med 6:237.
Loew D. Phytotherapie bei Herzinsuffizienz. In: ZPT 18(2):92-
- Loew DA, Loew AD, Pharmakokinetik von herzglykosidhaltigen
Pflanzenextrakten. In: ZPT 15(4): 197-202. 1994.
Tschesche R et al., (1959) Naturwissensch. 46:109.
Tschesche R, in Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Ed. H.
Wagner and L. Horhammer, Springer-Verlag Heidelberg, Berlin
- Loew DA, Loew AD, Pharmakokinetik von herzglykosidhaltigen
Further information in:
Frohne D, Pfander HJ, Giftprlanzen - Ein Handbuch fur
Apotheker, Toxikologen und Biologen, 4. Aufl., Wiss.
Verlagsges. mbH Stuttgart 1997.
Hansel^EfXetier K, Rimpler H, Schneider G (Hrsg.), Hagers
Handbuch der'Pharmazeutischen Praxis, 5. Aufl., Bde 4-6
(Drogen), Springer Verlag Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, 1992-
Lewin L, Gifte und Vergiftungen, 6. Aufl., Nachdruck, Haug
Verlag, Heidelberg 1992.
Madaus G, Lehrbuch der Biologischen Arzneimittel, Bde 1-3,
Nachdruck, Georg Olms Verlag Hildesheim 1979.
Roth L, Daunderer M, Kormann K, Giftpflanzen, Pflanzengifte,
- Aufl., Ecomed Fachverlag Landsberg Lech 1993.
Schulz R, Hansel R, Rationale Phytotherapie, Springer Verlag
Heidelberg 1996.
Steinegger E, Hansel R, Pharmakognosie, 5. Aufl., Springer
Verlag Heidelberg 1992.
Teuscher E, Lindequist U, Biogene Gifte - Biologie, Chemie,
Pharmakologie, 2. Aufl., Fischer Verlag Stuttgart 1994.
Teuscher E, Biogene Arzneimittel, 5. Aufl., Wiss. Verlagsges.
mbH Stuttgart 1997.
PDR FOR HERBAL MEDICINESWagner H, Wiesenauer M, Phytotherapie. Phytopharmaka und
pflanzliche Homoopathika, Fischer-Verlag, Stuttgart, Jena, New
York 1995.Lime
Citrus aurantifolia
DESCRIPTION
Medicinal Parts: The medicinal component is the bergamot
oil extracted from the plant.Flower and Fruit: The fragrant flowers are small and pure
white. The fruit is about half the size of a lemon, with a
smoother, thinner peel, a greenish-yellow color and sweet
taste.Leaves. Stem and Root: The evergreen tree is small, bent,
thorny and normally only grows to a height of 2.5 m. The
leaves are ovate-lanceolate and acuminate.Habitat: Lime is indigenous to Southern Asia and is
cultivated in the West Indies, semi-tropic areas of the U.S.
and Central America.Production: Limes and lemons are the fruit of Citrus
aurantifolia.Other Names: Limette, Italian Limetta, Adam's Apple
ACTIONS AND PHARMACOLOGY
COMPOUNDS
Volatile oil (in the fruit rind): containing, among others,
citral, (+)-limonene, pinenes, alkanes, alkanols, alkanals,
beta-bisabolene; also, in pressed oils, furocoumarinsCitric acidFlavonoids: including hesperidineEFFECTS
Lime acts as an antiscorbutic and refrigerant as well as a
vitamin C supplement.
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Lime is used as a source of vitamin C to treat scurvy and in
cases of general low resistance.PRECAUTIONS AND ADVERSE REACTIONS
No health hazards or side effects are known in conjunction
with the proper administration of designated therapeutic
dosages. There is a low potential for sensitization through
skin contact with the juice of the fruit or wim the volatile oil.DOSAGE
Mode of Administration: Lime is used internally as a liquid
extract of the fresh fruit.