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Pyrus communis
DESCRIPTION
Medicinal Parts: The medicinal part is the fruit.
Flower and Fruit: The fleshy fruit is typically smaller near
the stem and larger at the apical end, with a relatively tough
skin. The core has a number of carpels, which are large and
edible. The seeds are pointed at one end and rounded at the
other. When ripe, they are dark brown to black, glabrous and
about 0.5 cm long.
Leaves, Stem and Root: The pear is a tree, up to 20 m tall,
with a long-clavate crown. The bark is dark brown to black
and broken into square plates. The glabrous or slightly
pubescent branches are glossy brown or thorny. The leaves
are 2 to 8 cm long, ovate-round, acuminate, tough and
serrate. The ribs are protruding.
Habitat: The Pear Tree grows mainly in the temperate
regions of the Northern Hemisphere.
Production: Pears are the fruit of Pyrus communis.
ACTIONS AND PHARMACOLOGY
COMPOUNDS
Fruit acids: malic acid (0.06-0.1%), additionally citric acid,
quinic acid
Cyanogenic glycosides: amygdalin (only in the seeds)
Aromatic substances: including (E,Z)-2.4-deca-dien-(E)-2-
octen and -(Z)-4-decenacylethylester. acetic acid hexylester
Caffeic acid derivatives: in particular 5-caffeoyl quinic acid
Pectin
EFFECTS
In folk remedies, Pear is said to be astringent and cooling.
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Unproven Uses: Pear is used in the treatment of mild
digestive disorders, while its syrup is used as a diuretic and
laxative.
PRECAUTIONS AND ADVERSE REACTIONS "
No health hazards or side effects are known in conjunction
with the proper administration of designated therapeutic
dosages.
DOSAGE
Mode of Administration: Fresh fruit (as food)
LITERATURE
Belitz HD, Grosch W, Lehrbuch der Lebensmittelchemie, 4.
Aufl., Springer Verlag Berlin, Heidelberg. New York 1992.
Kern W, List PH, Horhammer L (Hrsg.), Hagers Handbuch der
Pharmazeutischen Praxis, 4. Aufl., Bde 1-8, Springer Verlag
Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, 1969.Pellitory
Anacyclus Pyrethrum
DESCRIPTION
Medicinal Parts: The medicinal part of the plant is the root.Pear