PDR for Herbal Medicines

718 /SQUILL PDR FOR HERBAL MEDICINES

drug; lidocaine for ventricular extrasystole; for pronounced

bradycardia, atropine or orciprenaline. The prophylactic use

of a pacemaker is recommended. Hemoperfusion for elimi-

nating the glycosides or the administration of cholestyramine

for interrupting the enterohepatic circulation are possible.

DOSAGE

Mode of Administration: Comminuted drug and other galenic

preparations for internal use.

Preparation: Stabilized powder is standardized according to

content, there are no more exact specifications in the

literature, standardization according to DABIO.

Squill Extract — Evaporated extract l :4; drug: diluted spirit

of wine (EB6)

Acetum Scillae — drug: spirit of wine l:l (EB6)

Oxymel Scillae — 5 parts Acetum Scillae: 10 parts purified

honey evaporated in a water bath to 10 parts

Daily Dosage: Single dose: 60 to 200 mg; Daily dose: 180 to

200 mg; Average daily dosage: 0.1 to 0.5 gm of standardized

sea onion powder.

Squill Extract: 1.0 gm; Liquid extract: 0.03 to 2.0 ml;

Tincture: 0.3 to 2.0 ml; Acetum Scillae: 1.0 gm; Acetic acid

maceration: 0.6 to 2.0 ml

Oxymel Scillae: 2.5 gm

Storage: Squill should be protected from light and moisture

at temperatures below 25 °C.

LITERATURE

Brisse B, Anwendung pflanzlicher Wirkstoffe bei kardialen

Erkrankungen. In: ZPT 10(4): 107. 1989.

Eichstadt H, Hansen G, Danne O, Koch HP, Minge C, Richter

W, Schroder R, Die positiv inotrope Wirkung eines Scilla-

Extraktes nach Einmal-Applikation. In: ZPT 12(2):46. 1991.

Garcia-Casado P et al., (1977) Pharm Acta Helv 52:218.

Hakim FS, Evans FJ, (1976) Pharm Acta Helv 52:117.

Kamano Y, Satoh N, Nakayoshi H, Pettit GR, Smith CR,

Rhinovirus inhibition by bufadienolides. In: Chem Pharm Bull

36:326-332. 1988.

Karawya MS et al., (1973) Planta Med 23:213.

Kopp B, Krenn L, Jurenitsch J, Bufadienolide in Meerzwiebeln.

In: DAZ '130(40):2175. 1990.

Krenn L, Ferth R, Robien W, Kopp B, Bufadienolide aus

Urginea-maritima-sensu-strictu. In: PM 57:560. 1991.

Krenn L, Kopp B, 9-Hydroxyscilliphaeosid, a new bufadienolide
from Urginea maritima. In: JNP 59(6):612-613. 1996.

Loew D, Phytotherapie bei Herzinsuffizienz. In: ZPT 18(2):92-

Loew DA, Loew AD, Pharmakokinetik von herzglykosidhaltigen

Pflanzenextrakten. In: ZPT 15(4): 197-202. 1994.

Majinda RRT et al., Bufadienolides and other constituents of

Urginea sanguinea. In: PM 63(2): 188-190. 1997.

Mathic C, Ourrison G, (1964) Phytochemistry 3:115, 133, 377

et 379.

Sato, Muro T, Antiviral activity of scillarenin, a plant

bufadienolide. In: Jap J Microbiol 18:441-448. 1974.

Vega FA, (1976) An Rev Acad Farm. 42(1):81.

Further information in:

Frohne D, Pfander HJ. Giftpflanzen - Ein Handbuch fur

Apotheker, Toxikologen und Biologen, 4. Aufl./Wiss. Verlags-

Ges. Stuttgart 1997.

Hansel R, Keller K, Rimpler H, Schneider G (Hrsg.), Hagers

Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, 5. Aufl., Bde 4-6

(Drogen): Springer Verlag Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, 1992-

1994.

Joubert JP, Schultz RA Detection of scilliroside in the

preparation of maritime Scille. (Urginea maritima Baker) Ann

Pharm Fr, 42:17-21, 1967 Jan.

Leung AY, Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients Used

in Food, Drugs, Cosmetics, John Wiley & Sons Inc., New York

1980.

Lewin L, Gifte und Vergiftungen, 6. Aufl., Nachdruck, Haug

Verlag, Heidelberg 1992.

Madaus G, Lehrbuch der Biologischen Arzneimittel, Bde 1-3,

Nachdruck, Georg Olms Verlag Hildesheim 1979.

Roth L, Daunderer M, Kormann K, Giftpflanzen, Pflanzengifte,

4. Aufl., Ecomed Fachverlag Landsberg Lech 1993.
   Schulz R, Hansel R, Rationale Phytotherapie, Springer Verlag
   Heidelberg 1996.
   Spies T, Praznik W, Hofinger A, Altmann F, Nitsch E, Wutka
   R A new bufadienolide from Urginea pancration Planta Med,
   235:284-5, Jun, 1992.
   Spies T, Praznik W, Hofinger A, Altmann F, Nitsch E, Wutka
   R The structure of the fructan sinistrin from Urginea maritima.
   Carbohydr Res, 235:221-30, Nov 4, 1992.
   Steinegger E, Hansel R, Pharmakognosie, 5. Aufl., Springer
   Verlag Heidelberg 1992.
   Teuscher E, Lindequist U, Biogene Gifte - Biologie, Chemie,
   Pharmakologie, 2. Aufl., Fischer Verlag Stuttgart 1994.
   Teuscher E, Biogene Arzneimittel, 5. Aufl., Wiss. Verlagsges.
   Stuttgart 1997.
   Tuncok Y, Kozan O, Cavdar C, Guven H, Fowler J Estimation
   of scilladienolides of Urginea maritima as well as in galenicals
   and formulations. Planta Med, 33:213-20, May, 1973.
   Tuncok Y, Kozan O, Cavdar C, Guven H, Fowler J Preparation
   of the naturally occurring complex of the initial scilladienolides
   of Urginea maritima. Planta Med, 33:290-7, May, 1973.