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Apotheker, Toxikologen und Biologen, 4. AufL, Wiss. Verlags-
Ges. Stuttgart 1997.
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Nachdruck, Georg Olms Verlag Hildesheim 1979.
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Heidelberg 1996.
Steinegger E, Hansel R, Pharmakognosie, 5. Aufl., Springer
Verlag Heidelberg 1992.
Teuscher E, Lindequist U, Biogene Gifte - Biologie, Chemie,
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Stuttgart 1997.
Wagner H, Wiesenauer M, Phytotherapie. Phytopharmaka und
pflanzliche Homoopathika, Fischer-Verlag, Stuttgart, Jena, New
York 1995.
Wichtl M (Hrsg.), Teedrogen, 4. Aufl., Wiss. Verlagsges.
Stuttgart 1997.Stachys palustris
See Woundwort
Star Anise
Illicium verum
DESCRIPTION
Medicinal Parts: The medicinal parts are the oil extracted
from the ripe fruit, the whole dried fruit and the seeds.
Flower and Fndt: The flowers are yellowish or reddish-
white. The follicles have a diameter of about 2 cm. They are
star-like and formed from eight cybiform carpels. The
follicles open when ripe, each containing one smooth,
polished, brown seed. The pericarp of the seed is brown and
wrinkled below.Leaves, Stem and Root: The plant is an evergreen tree up to
10 m tall with white, birch-like bark. The leaves are 7.5 cm
long, entire-margined, glossy, elliptic-lanceolate and
acuminate.
Habitat: The plant is only known in its cultivated form. It is
cultivated in China and Vietnam.
Production: Star anise consists of the ripe syncarp of
Illicium verum, as well as its preparations in effective
dosage. The fruit is harvested shortly before it is fully ripe
(August to October).
Not to be Confused With: Should not be confused with the
smaller Japanese star anise (I. lanceolatum or I. religi&sum),
which is poisonous.
Other Names: Aniseed Stars, Badiana
ACTIONS AND PHARMACOLOGY
COMPOUNDS
Volatile oil: chief constituent trans-anethol, chavicol methyl
ether (estragole), d-limonene, 1-limonene, d-fenchone, d-
pinene, dl-limonene, anisaldehydeFatty oil
Flavonoids: including rutin, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside