Leung's Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients Used in Food, Drugs, and Cosmetics

Dietary Supplements/Health Foods. Capsu-
lated seed oil products available as dietary
supplement;driedtopssometimesusedinteas.^4

Traditional Medicine. Leaves reportedly
used as diuretic, demulcent, emollient, expec-
torant, and refrigerant; in fevers, lung dis-
eases, colds; externally a poultice; a folk
cancer remedy in breast or facial cancers
(DUKE2;FOSTER;WREN).

COMMERCIAL PREPARATIONS

Crude leaves, leaf extract, and seed oil.

Regulatory Status. Regulated in the United

States as a dietary supplement. Borage leaf

and flower subject of a German therapeutic

monograph primarily concerning inflamma-

tory conditions; use suspended due to PA

content (BLUMENTHAL1).

REFERENCES

See the General References forAHPA;BARNES;BLUMENTHAL1;DER MARDEROSIAN AND BEUTLER;DUKE2;
FOSTER;GLEASON AND CRONQUIST;GRIEVE;HARBOURNE AND BAXTER;MCGUFFIN1&2;NIKITAKIS;STEINMETZ;
TUTIN3;TYLER1;UPHOF;WREN.

1. K. M. Larson et al.,J. Nat. Prod. 47 , 747
   (1984).


2. E. Roeder,Pharmazie, 50 , 83 (1995).


3. C. D. Dodson and F. R. Stermitz,J. Nat.
   Prod., 49 , 727 (1986).


4. D. V. C. Awang, Can. Pharm. J., 121
   March (1990).


5. M. Hermann et al.,Phytochemistry, 60 ,
   399 (2002).


6. P. A. G. M. De Smet in P. A. G. M. De Smet
   et al., eds., Adverse Effects of Herbal
   Drugs, Vol. 2, Springer-Verlag, Berlin,
   1993, pp. 147–152.


7. T. Langer and C. Franz,Sci. Pharm., 65 ,
   321 (1997).


8. J. Janick et al. in L. E. Craker and
   J. E. Simon, eds., Herbs, Spices, and

Medicinal Plants: Recent Advances in

Botany, Horticulture, and Pharma-

cology, Vol. 4, Oryx Press, Phoenix, AZ,

1989, p. 145.

9. D. Bandoniene and M. Murkovic,
   Biochem. Biophys. Methods, 53 ,45
   (2002).


10. M. Wettasinghe and F. Shahidi, Food
    Chem., 67 , 399 (1999).


11. M. Wettasinghe and F. Shahidi, Food
    Chem., 70 , 17 (2000).


12. L. J. Leventhal et al.,Ann. Int. Med., 119 ,
    867 (1993).


13. D. E. Mills et al.,J. Hum. Hypertens., 3 ,
    111 (1989).

BORONIA ABSOLUTE

Source:Boronia megastigmaNees ex. Bartl.
(Family Rutaceae).

GENERAL DESCRIPTION

Shrub about 3 m high; native to southwestern
Australia. Part used is the flower, from which a

concrete is produced in 0.4–0.8% yield by

extraction with petroleum ether; the absolute

is obtained by alcohol washing of the concrete

in a yield of about 60%.^1

CHEMICAL COMPOSITION

Contains ionones as principal constituents,

which are composed mainly of b-ionone

112 Boronia absolute