Leung's Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients Used in Food, Drugs, and Cosmetics

USES

Medicinal, Pharmaceutical, and Cosmetic.

Used primarily as a counterirritant in certain

analgesic ointments and liniments. In Europe,

tincture used externally for its antifungal and

antiviral activities in treating warts (WREN).

Used in German phytomedicine for nonspe-

cific immunostimulant therapy.^8 Principal use

in the United Statesis asa fragrance ingredient

in soaps, detergents, creams, lotions, and

perfumes, with maximum use level of 0.4%

reported in perfumes.^4

Food. Oil is used as a flavor ingredient in

most categories of foods, including alcoholic

and nonalcoholic beverages, frozen dairy des-

serts, candy, baked goods, gelatins and pud-

dings, meat and meat products, condiments

and relishes, and others. Reported average

maximum use levels are quite low, with the

highest being 0.002% in condiments and

relishes.

Traditional Medicine. Ointment or decoc-

tion offresh leaves is used to treat rheumatism,

coughs, fever, gout, and other ailments. Oil is

used internally as an expectorant, antirheu-

matic, diuretic, and emmenagogue and

externally to treat skin diseases and as insect

repellent; also used in treating condyloma and

cancers.^9

COMMERCIAL PREPARATION

Essential oil; official in F.C.C.

Regulatory Status. Approved for food use as

a natural flavoring, provided that the finished

food is thujone-free (§172.510).

REFERENCES

See the General References forARCTANDER;BAILEY1;FEMA;GUENTHER;KROCHMAL AND KROCHMAL;LUST;

GRIEVE;MCGUFFIN1 & 2; merck; terrell; uphof; wren; youngken.

1. A. C. Shaw, Can. J. Chem., 31 , 277
   (1953).


2. R. M. Ideda et al.,J. Food Sci., 27 , 455
   (1962).


3. D. V. Banthorpe et al.,Planta Med., 23 ,64
   (1973).


4. D.L. J. Opdyke,Food Cosmet.Toxicol., 12
   (Suppl.), 843 (1974).


5. S. Simard et al.,J. WoodChem. Technol., 8 ,
   561 (1988).
   6. N. Beuscher and L. Kopanski,Planta Med.,
   52 , 111P (1986).
   7. T. Vomel, Arzneim.-Forsch.,35II, 1437
   (1985).
   8. H. Wagner and A. Proksch, in N.
   Farnsworth, N. H. Hikino, and H. Wagner,
   eds., Economic and Medicinal Plant
   Research, Vol. 1, Academic Press, New
   York, 1985, p. 113.
   9. J. L. Hartwell,Lloydia, 33 , 288 (1970).

CEDARWOOD OIL

Source: Cedarwood oil Virginia:Juniperus

virginiana L. (Family Cupressaceae);

cedarwood oil Texas:Juniperus mexicana

Spreng. (Family Cupressaceae); cedar-

wood oil Atlas:Cedrus atlanticaManetti

(Family Pinaceae).

Common/vernacular names:Cedar oil, cedar-

wood oil, red cedarwood oil (cedarwood oil

Virginia); cedarwood oil Moroccan (cedar-

wood oil Atlas).

162 Cedarwood oil