Carry out the appropriate test of significance.
Based on the test statistic (result), estimate the
likelihood that the difference is due purely to
sample error
On the basis of likelihood of sample error, as
measured by the Pr value, decide whether to
reject or not reject the Null Hypothesis
Draw the appropriate conclusion in the context
of the biomedical problem, e.g. some evidence,
from the dataset, that subjects who underwent
the stress test have higher pulse rate than the
controls on average
