Essentials of Nutrition for Sports

they decreased focus. A loss of skills, among other side effects, may create safety issues.

Avoid.

NSAIDs

Not banned. Aspirin, ibuprofen (Motrin),

naproxen (Aleve), others.

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs reduce pain and

inflammation. Some may have a helpful effect on blood flow. They have relatively few side effects;

gastrointestinal upset the most

common, dehydration-exacerbated kidne

y failure is potentially life-

threatening.

Used by many athletes to treat musculoskeletal injuries or

prevent muscle soreness. How many? In an anonymous survey of 444 athletes, including 106 professional athletes, 88.5% had used NSAIDs in the previous year.

Aspirin In one study, lowered perceived exertion at 40% and 50% of

peak power output in 19 subjects.

In another study, 650 mg one

hour before exercise improved

blood flow velocity.

Naproxen A single dose of the over-the-counter product (Aleve) decreased

exercise-related muscle soreness in 62 subjects.

Consider.

Nootropics

Not banned. Stimulants including acephen, aniracetam, centrophenozine

(meclofenoxate), cleregil, euclidan, gutamine, heptamol, 3-hydroxypyridine, ionol, nicametate, oxiracetam, pantogam, phenibut,

piracetam, pyritinol, sodium oxybutyrate, syndocarb (sidnocarb, mesocarb).

There are no valid scientific studies on these compounds, even

though they are in widespread use in Europe.

Not recommended.

Oxygenated Water

Not banned. See discussion in the hydration chapter on page

32

.

Not recommended.

Pentoxiphylline (Trental)

Not banned. Prescription. This prescription drug may work to increase blood flow, but

there are no known studies of its effects in athletes. It is used by some to counteract the sludging a

nd blood clotting effects of EPO.

Not recommended.

Peptide and Glycoprotei

n Hormones and Analogues

Banned. Prescription. HCG (human chorionic gonadotropin) can work to make the

testosterone:epitestosterone ratio

normal, thereby masking steroid

use. ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone) has steroid-like effects. GH (growth hormone) has steroid-like effects. They all have potentially significant side effects.

Avoid.

Phosphates

Not banned. See phosphorus, athletic consider

ations, in the free supplement

to this book available at: http://roadbikerider.com/nutritionforsportssupplement.htm

.

Nutrition for Sports, Essentials of 121