Lubricant Additives

(Kiana) #1

Antioxidants 49



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  4. Hsu, S.M. Review of laboratory bench tests in assessing the performance of automotive crankcase oils.
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  5. Sharma, B.K. and A.J. Stipanovic. Development of a new oxidation stability test method for lubricating
    oils using high-pressure differential scanning calorimetry. Thermochimica Acta, 402, 1–18, 2003.

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    scanning calorimetry. SAE Technical Paper 821252, 1982.



  8. CEC L-85-T-99. Hot surface oxidation — pressure differential scanning calorimeter (PDSC).

  9. ASTM Standard D 6186-98. Standard test method for oxidation induction time of lubricating oils by
    pressure differential scanning calorimetry (PDSC).

  10. Adamczewska, J.Z. and C. Love. Oxidative stability of lubricants measured by PDSC CEC L-85-T-99
    test procedure. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 80, 753–759, 2005.

  11. Adhvaryu, A., S.Z. Erhan, S.K. Sahoo, and I.D. Singh. Thermo-oxidative stability studies on some new
    generation API group II and III base oils. Fuel, 81(6), 785–791, 2002.

  12. Migdal, C.A. The infl uence of hindered phenolic and aromatic amine antioxidants on the stability of
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  13. Rohrbach, P., P.C. Hamblin, and M. Ribeaud. Benefi ts of antioxidants in lubricants and greases assessed
    by pressurized differential scanning calorimetry. Tr ib otes t Jour n a l , 11(3), 233–246, 2005.

  14. Jain, M.R., R. Sawant, R.D.A. Paulmer, D. Ganguli, and G. Vasudev. Evaluation of thermo-oxidative
    characteristics of gear oils by different techniques: effect of antioxidant chemistry. Thermochimica
    Acta, 435(2), 172–175, 2005.

  15. Nakanishi, H., K. Onodera, K. Inoue, Y. Yamada, and M Hirata. Oxidative stability of synthetic
    lubricants. Lubrication Engineering, 53(5), 29–37, 1997.

  16. Sharma, B.K., J.M. Perez, and S.Z. Erhan. Soybean oil-based lubricants: a search for synergistic
    antioxidants. Energy & Fuels, 21, 2408–2414, 2007.

  17. Cheenkachorn, K., J.M. Perez, and W.A. Lloyd. Use of pressurized differential scanning calorimetry
    (PDSC) to evaluate effectiveness of additives in vegetable oil lubricants. ICE (American Society of
    Mechanical Engineers), 40, 197–206, 2003.

  18. Gamlin, C.D., N.K. Dutta, N.R. Choudhury, D. Kehoe, and J. Matisons. Evaluation of kinetic parameters
    of thermal and oxidative decomposition of base oils by conventional, isothermal and modulated TGA
    and pressure DSC. Thermochimica Acta, 392–393, 357–369, 2002.

  19. Gatto, V.J., H.Y. Elnagar, W.E. Moehle, and E.R. Schneller. Redesigning alkylated diphenylamine
    antioxidants for modern lubricants. Lubrication Science, 19(1), 25–40, 2007.

  20. Florkowski, D.W. and T.W. Selby. The development of a thermo-oxidation engine oil simulation test
    (TEOST), SAE Technical Paper 932837, 1993.

  21. ASTM Standard D 6335-03b. Standard test method for determination of high temperature deposits by
    thermal-oxidation engine oil simulation test.

  22. Selby, T.W. and D.W. Florkowski. The development of the TEOST protocol MHT bench test of engine
    oil piston deposit tendency. Presented at 12th Esslingen Colloquium, January 11–13, 2000, Esslingen,
    Germany.

  23. ASTM Standard D 7097-05. Standard test method for determination of moderately high temperature
    piston deposits by thermal-oxidation engine oil simulation test — TEOST MHT.

  24. Anonymous. Correlation of TEOST performance with molar soap concentration for optimal deposit
    performance. Research Disclosure, 409, 531, 1998.

  25. Sun, J.X., P.T. Pei, Z.S. HU, and S.M. Hsu. A modifi ed thin-fi lm oxygen update test (TFOUT) for
    lubricant oxidative stability study. Lubrication Engineering, May, 12–19, 1998.

  26. ASTM Standard D 4702-02a, Standard test method for oxidation stability of gasoline automotive engine
    oils by thin-fi lm oxygen uptake (TFOUT).

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