KIU£HRI:\X:llfT\,("F.F.'\I-mAVENANOF.ANTll 19worldwars.Slarkey'sandTufnell'sexcavationwork::11Lachishandthesub--
sequentsitereponsarestillconsidereda standardt(Xby,21
Katheleen i.1. Kenyonwasthemost influential Britisharchaeologist
whoseworkchangedthedirectionofarchaeologyin Israel,jordan.and
PalestineasitdevelopedacademicoJllyandprofessionallyduringthe 19605
and1ater.^22 Anaccomplishedfieldarchaeologist,herfirstpracticalexperi-
ence was underthe guidance ofthe legendary British archaeologist
MonimerWheeler.ShelaterexcavatedseverJImajorsitesin Palestine,
includingSamaria,jericho,andjerusalem,Inthe19305,Wheeler'sprOlcge
wasinvolved inthe administrationofthe newlyestablished Instituteof
ArchaeologyatUniversityofLondon.ThisinstitUle,foundedbyWheelerin
1934,setthetoneforthe13ritishapproachtoarchaeologyintheancient
NcmEastasa dis<:iplineseparatefrombiblicalstudies.
AfterWorldWar[I,KenyonservedashononuydirectoroftheBritish
SchoolofArchaeologyinjerusalembetween 1951 and1%6,duringwhich
timesheconductedexcavationsatjerichoandjerusalem.Thesetwosites
lalerformedhercoreinterpretalionofthearchaeologyofPalestineduring
biblicilperiods.ArchaL--ologyoftheHolyL."l.lld,ascoinedbyKenyon,was
oneofthetopicsincludedinthecurriculumalIheInstituteofArchaeology,
UniversityofLondon.Kenyon'sbook,ArchaeologyinIhe/lolyLand.first
publishedin1960.reneetedthismoreprofessionalaltitudetoarchaeologi-
cal studies.^23 Ho\vever,Ken)'on alsoassumedan essenlialre:l1ityanda
MpositivistM viewwithregardtotheabilityofa scientificarchaeologyto
defineandreconSlrueta historyofancientIsrael.Ilerbookwasnoteworthy
foritsfocusonmaterial-eultureslUdi(.-'Sanditsdetailedtechnicaldrawings,
archileetumlplans,anddescriplionsofpotteryandotherartifaas.l-^4 Itisthe
modelfornumerousDlhertextbooksinthearchtloologyofIsmel.P~llestine,
andjord::mthat\"eretofollowinthe1970sthroughthe1990s,
Albriglu'sinfluenceonlocalarchaeologistsworkinginPalestineand
hisimpactonIsmeliarchaeology<Irewelldocumcnled.DuringAlbright's
21 For:lsurnrn:u)'ofIlrilbh,lrch:ll'ologic:ll:Iclivilit.'sin1':I1esline,Jordln.:mdISroc.'l,sec
Gr:lh:l1l1l.D;l\·it..-s,"BrilishArch:l<:ol(~i"",,.:inDrink;lrd,M:mhingly,;IlldMiller,Ik"chllllJrk:;
illTime(11/(1CII/tllre,37--62.
22 I'derR.S.Moorey."K:uhk,t.:nKt.:nyonandPalestinianArch:...."(>I~y:1'1:''1til<19""'9):
3--10:AD.Tushingham,"Kenyon,K:uhk-'t"nMar}':OEASE3;279-80;s('''ebibli~r:lph}'thert.:
forasumITUf)'ofKenyon'scomrihUllons
Hlondon;Bcnn,1960.
2-4AS(.'COOd.largelyi,l:non.-d.le;>;lhookbyDimllnC.!3aromki(7beAn(1",1Arcbl/ectllre
ofAIIOell1Pales/me·ASllnry'ofIix'Arcbm.'OI08YofPales/II/e'fromf:arliesJTImes/Qlhe
Ottom""CQ1Uf'le5IIUodrul. Pal'Kunellbcr.nionOrganizalionRt.-searc:hCenler,19tJ91labo
apprtXldK"Slhearc:haool~'}ofP;]k~lInefromaprofessionalarchaeok)/.:iSl'SpcDpL'<:ti\"t~.llis
hookisIrlIlO\'atl\"Clrlilsapproach.dl.'iClIS."lrlgtheI'abeohlilicthrouJl,hIsl:J.mJC"periods.Itis
theonl)archa<."Ologicalbooktnlhi.'W)Ihatdeals\'"1111sucha hroot.ll"hronologicals<.:upc.