72 BETWEENTEXTAi'\':DARTIFACf
allbecamestandardpmcliceinotherhandbooks.Withoutunderstanding
AJbrightandhisorganizationofboththematerialandilSpresentation,it
wouldbehardfully(0appreciatelateraltemplSalthissametypeofsyn-
theticvolume.Inpointoffact, ArchaeologyojPales/ineremaineduseful
wellinto(he1960s,whenthepreponderanceofnewdatabegan(0out-
strip Albright's interpretations and, more important, his interpretative
fr::lmework.
Itwasnotuntil 1960 thatasecondmajorsynthesisappeared,Archae-
ologyintheHolyLandbyDameKathleenKenyon.a Britisharchaeologist.^16
Kenyon,trainedbySirMortimerWheelerandwithextensiveexcavation
experienceinAfrica,theNcarEast,andEurope,representeda muchdif·
rerenttradition ofarchaeologythan didAibrighLl7 Her interest in the
southern Levant was lessexplicitly basedon religion,andher broad
rangeofexperiencesin prehistoricarchaeologymadeherapproachless
anexercise in culturehistoryand moreaninvestigation intocultural
processesandhumanbehavior.ShealsoviewedtheentireNearEastas
anintegmtedwholeintowhichherworkinthesouthernLevantcouldbe
comextualized.
Kenyondirectedtheexcavationatjericho(Telles-Sultan),oneofthe
mostimportantNeolithicandEarlyBronzeAgesitesintheregion.^18 While
workingatJerichoshegreatlyrefinedNearEasternexcavationmethods,
anditbinthbareathaiKenyunmadehergrt:'"ateSIandmosllastingcon-
tributiontothediscipline.Herrefinementsinstratigraphicexcavationand
herunderstandingoftheformationofdebrislayersandtheimponanceof
baulksandsectiondrawing werenothingshonofrevolutionaryinthe
practiceofbiblicalarchaeology,andatJerichoshehelpedtrainanenlire
generationofarchaeologists.Shehada panicularlypowerfulinfluenceon
younger American archaeologists working in Israel and jordan, who
adoptedhermethodologicalinnovationswithparticularzeal.
Havingexcavatedearlyin hercareeratSamariaandthendirecting
theworkatjericho,itseemedonlynaturalthatKenyonwouldturnthese
richexperiencesintoa syntheticarchaeologicalhistory.Oddly,theresult-
ingpublication, whichwen[ through foureditions from 1960 to 1979,
wasquitetT'aditional,evenAlbrightian,in itsolltlook.AswithAibriglll,
Kenyonseemedmost interestedin illuminatingthe Bible, noting~that
thisbookwillbeofinteresttothewidegeneralpublicwhichregardsthe
Bibleasthegreatestliterarydocumentintheworld,andwhichlikesto
beabletounderstanditastherecordofanactualpeopleagainsta factual
16 KalhleenM.Kcn}'Of\,ArcbaevJoRyintheHolyUl1/l/(London:Benn.1960).
J""seeMoorey,Ce1l1l1ryo[BiblicalArchaeology.9-1-98
IRlroniolly.thissiteISoflillieimponancetotheLaleUronzeA~orIronAfolCI.