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- advanced-77
TOEIC tests / Incomplete Sentences / Advanced level # 77
Agricultural Market Development
Q1 The Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN advises that an efficient and adequate marketing system is a
....... for agricultural diversification, providing better prices to producers and the availability of competitively
priced produce to consumers.
(a) precondition (b) precursor (c) predecessor (d) preference
Q2 Physical improvement is usually addressed in two ways: by providing improved market infrastructure (both
urban and rural) and by improving rural ....... roads.
(a) access (b) paved (c) portage (d) state
Q3 Rural markets form part of a trade network; they are normally arranged on a ....... basis on specific weekdays
and are commonly organised at a central place in a village or district centre.
(a) ad hoc (b) casual (c) irregular (d) periodic
Q4 Larger rural markets ('assembly markets') are found where greater quantities of produce are traded, either by
the producers themselves or by traders, and are normally situated on main highways, or near to ferries and
other local transport ........
(a) axles (b) cores (c) nodes (d) rims
Q5 ....... wholesale and semi-wholesale markets are located within or near major cities (usually with populations
exceeding 0.5 million).
(a) Seasonal (b) Subsidized (c) Temporary (d) Terminal
Q6 Retail markets directly serve consumers in main urban areas; although primarily retail, they may have some
semi-wholesale functions, particularly if they allow producers to trade — in which case, they are often called
....... markets.
(a) direct (b) farmers' (c) open-air (d) produce
Q7 Internal factors for change include increasing volumes of produce to be handled; alterations to commercial
practices and trading patterns; and the ....... of professional specialised wholesalers.
(a) convergence (b) conveyance (c) emergence (d) reliance
Q8 The main external causes for change are ....... factors, including increase in population of a city as a result of
migration and natural growth, population shifts within cities and moves to the suburbs, and changes in the
location and nature of workplaces.
(a) democratic (b) demographic (c) geocentric (d) geographic
Q9 A common problem at both wholesale and retail levels is that the markets are viewed as tax ....... rather than
as means of facilitating the marketing of local produce: the marketing system is 'kidnapped' by municipalities,
with the sole purpose of collecting taxes.
(a) cattle (b) instruments (c) utensils (d) wells
Q10 These factors all need to be taken into ....... in identifying the best approach to market development.
(a) acceptance (b) account (c) calculation (d) considerateness
AnswersIndex
