ish,” Istoricheskii vestnik 67 ( 1897 ): 1080–86; N. Ashukin, “Karolina Pavlova,” Put’,
no. 1 ( 1914 ): 29–37; Ernst, “Karolina Pavlova i gr. Evdokiia Rastopchina [sic],”
5–35; V. Fridkin, “Al’bomy Karoliny Pavlovoi,” Nauka i zhizn’,no. 12 ( 1987 ):
140–48.
4. On Pavlova’s missing works, see Munir Sendich, “‘Ot Moskvy do Drez-
dena’: Pavlova’s Unpublished Memoirs,” 57–58.
5 .See chapter 5 , note 50 on the decline of poetry in Russia in the 1830 s.
6. On the Beautiful Lady versus the neznakomka,see my “Images of Women
in Fedor Sologub,” Proceedings of the Kentucky Foreign Language Conference, Slavic
Section 4 , no. 1 ( 1986 ): 90–103.
7 .On the importance of early-nineteenth-century salons in the production
of Russian literature, see Todd, Fiction and Society in the Age of Pushkin;Bernstein
“Women on the Verge of a New Language,” 209–24; Bernstein, “Avdot’ia Petro-
vna Elagina and Her Contributions to Russian Letters,” SEEJ 40 ( 1996 ): 2 , 215–
35 ; Bernstein, “Private and Public Personas: Negotiating the Mommy Track in
the Age of Nicholas I”; Hammarberg, “Flirting with Words,” 297–320; N. L.
Brodskii, Literaturnye salony i kruzhki,326–31; and Aronson and Reiser, Liter-
aturnye kruzhki i salony.
8 .Nikolai Vasil’evich Berg, cited in Valerii Briusov, “K. K. Pavlova,” Ezheme-
siachnye sochineniia 12 ( 1903 ): 282. Panaev’s comment appears in “Peterburgskie
novosti,” Sovremennikt 48 ( 1854 ): 135. Dmitrii Grigorovich, Ivan Panaev, and
Aleksandr Nikitenko’s ridicule of Pavlova is noted in Sendich, “Life and Works
of Karolina Pavlova,” 51–52.
9 .See Evgenii Bobrov, “A. A. Fuks i kazanskie literatury 30–40kh godov,” 6 :
481–509and 7 : 5–35.
10 .Material on Elagina’s salon based on Bernstein, “Avdot’ia Petrovna Elag-
ina” and “Private and Public Personas”; Aronson and Reiser, Literaturnye
kruzhki,158–61, 277–78; and Brodskii, Literaturnye salony, 326–31. On Zhukovskii
and Elagina, see Bernstein, “Avdot’ia Petrovna Elagina and Her Contribution to
Russian Letters,” 218 ff.; Carl von Zedlitz, “Biograficheskii ocherk,” in Sobranie
sochinenii Zhukovskogo(Sankt-peterburg: Izdanie knigoprodavtsa I. I. Glazu-
nova, 1878 ), 1 : xxiv; and Aronson and Reiser, Literaturnye kruzhki, 159. On Ka-
ramzin’s second wife, see chapter 1 , note 8. On Elagina’s influence in literary
circles, see Bernstein, “Private and Public Personas,” 13.
11. Information on Pavlova based on Rapgof, Karolina Pavlova; Sendich, “Life
and Works of Karolina Pavlova,” 2–38; and Karolina Pavlova, “Moi vospomi-
naniia,” Russkii arkhiv,no. 3 ( 1875 ): 232. Interestingly, Claire Clairmont, Mary
Shelley’s half-sister and the mother of Byron’s child Allegra, who worked as a
governess, companion, and language tutor in Moscow from 1825–27, mentions
in her diary that she gave Pavlova English lessons (Literaturnoe nasledstvo,no. 91
[Moskva: Nauka, 1982 ], 312. See also The Journals of Claire Clairmont,ed. Marion
Kingston Stocking (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1968 ), 374–97,
in which Clairmont records five visits to Pavlova and her father, Karl Jaenisch.
12 .Pavlova, Polnoe sobranie stikhotvorenii, 232. Subsequent citations from this
edition are indicated in the text by page numbers in parentheses.
13 .Those who ridiculed Pavlova’s knowledge of languages include Iazykov
in a letter to his brothers in 1832 (quoted in Sendich, “Life and Works of Karolina
270 Notes to Pages 138–141