Delahunty and Garvey
(128)a. Wanda baked Phyllis the cake.
b. *Wanda baked Phyllis it.
Exercise
(a) Identify the (whole) direct and indirect object phrases in each of
the following clauses. (b) Using the most appropriate criterion, prove
that the phrase you identified as the indirect object really is the indi-
rect object. (c) Draw both Reed/Kellogg and structural diagrams for
each clause.
a. She gave the dog a bone.
b. We made each of the children a balloon animal.
c. Oscar refused his uncle entry.
d. Wanda sang the babies a lullaby.
Basic clause pattern 6: Recipient/Benefactive
Like patterns 3, 4, and 5, this basic clause pattern includes a head verb fol-
lowed by two functions:
(129)a. Subject Verb Head Direct Object Recipient/Benefactiveb. Willard gave roses
to
Amanda
The formal version of pattern 6 is:
(130)a. NP AUX [VPV NP PP] (130)b. VPV NP PP
P NP
Examples of this pattern include:
(131)a. Willard gave roses to Amanda.
b. The eighteenth century brought great prosperity to England.
c. Oscar baked a birthday cake for Amanda.
d. Oscar pulled the weeds for his friends.