Teaching Critical Thinking in Psychology: A Handbook of Best Practices

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Critical Thinking on Contemporary Issues


is at a different level of thinking, applying the standards from the basic level of Halonen


et al.’s (2003) rubric will ensure minimum competence and provide feedback designed to


stimulate a higher level of thinking than currently presented. Given those standards, we


grade papers for the individual writing assignments at a “check, check-plus, check-minus”


level. This pedagogical strategy parallels suggestions from Dunn (2006) regarding the


need to increase the amount of writing assigned in psychology classes while not making


the instructor’s workload too onerous. A final written assignment assesses comprehensive


critical thinking ability, applying a standard grading rubric including information about


evidence of critical thinking along with other content areas. The task for that final paper


can again draw upon the Taking Sides book, requiring students to select one issue, gather


outside sources, and write a paper describing the evidence on each side of the issue and


then, optionally, drawing conclusions.


Conclusion

Critical thinking is not a natural ability for every student, which creates both a challenge


and an opportunity for psychology instructors. The Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM)


suggests that we can better position ourselves to take advantage of that opportunity by


applying critical thinking skills to understand issues that are relevant to students’ lives.


Similarly, we can reduce the likelihood that we will overwhelm our students by utilizing a


progressive strategy. The implementation discussed in this chapter is only one approach.


Examples can be tailored to specific classes or psychological content areas, including using


different volumes in the Taking Sides series or primary sources. The questions can be re -


arranged and modified to fit an individual instructor’s personal preferences. Assignments


can be modified given the resources of individual instructors. Our approach is offered for


inspiration, given our common interest in improving students’ critical thinking skills.


References

American Academy of Pediatrics. (2000). Joint statement on the impact of entertainment violence on


children. Congressional Public Health Summit, July 26, 2000. Retrieved 20 May, 2007, from


http://www.aap.org/advocacy/releases/jstmtevc.htm


Brooks-Gunn, J., Han, W., & Waldfogel, J. (2006). Maternal employment and child cognitive


outcomes in the first three years of life. In B. Slife (Ed.), Taking sides: Clashing views on psycho-


logical issues (14th ed., pp. 124–131). Dubuque, IA: McGraw-Hill.


Cook, A. J., Moore, K., & Steel, G. D. (2004). The taking of a position: A reinterpretation of the


elaboration likelihood model. Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour, 34, 315–331.


Dunn, D. S. (2006, January). Teaching writing: Exercises and assessment methods for use across the


psychology curriculum. Presentation from 28th Annual National Institute on the Teaching of


Psychology, St. Petersburg Beach, FL.


Faraone, S. V., & Biederman, J. (2006). Nature, nurture, and attention deficit hyperactivity disor-


der. In B. Slife (Ed.), Taking sides: Clashing views on psychological issues (14th ed., pp. 91–103).


Dubuque, IA: McGraw-Hill.

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