5 0 2I n d e xgrace, doctrine of, 459
gradualism, 389, 420n2
grammatical conventions, 21
grammatical rules, 20
Grand Staircase-Escalante National
Monument, 74, 89–90
Gratz v. Bollinger, 375–380
“Greeks Should Be Co-Ed” (Beebe),
72–74
Grice, Paul
on conversational rules, 33,
36–37, 307
on Cooperative Principle, 31–32
“Logic and Conversation,” 39n6
on validity, 144
Grutter v. Bollinger, 369–375, 378
guard, disappearing, 51
guarding, 48–51
in close analysis, 62, 65–68, 70
in deep analysis, 81–82
gun rights, 344–346Haeckel, Ernst, 429–430
Harlan, John, 360–361
Harman, Gilbert, 213n1
hasty generalization, fallacy of, 185
Hawking, Stephen, 452
Hawkins v. McGee, 28
heaps, 278–280
hedging, 51
hell, 457–459
heuristics, 241–243
Hick, John, 455
hidden premises, 100
Hilbert, David, 451
Hill, Thomas E. Jr., 298, 305
Holmes, Sherlock, 197–198
homosexuality, 299
horrors, parade of, 67, 285
horseshoe, 137
House of Representatives, 59–72
“however” in arguments, 52
Hoyle, Fred, 451–453
Hume, David, 193
Hussein, Saddam, 13–15
Huxley, Henry, 429–430
Huxley, Thomas, 338
hyperbole, 36hypothesis, 198
hypothetical cases, 360
hypothetical syllogism, 140identical twins, 316
ideologies, as self-sealing, 329
“if and only if” sentences, 147
“if not” in arguments, 148
if-then statements, 43–45, 135. See also
conditionals
ignorance, decisions under, 268–272
illocutionary acts, 39n4
immediate inferences, 164–166
impersonal normative
justification, 5
importance, in arguments from
analogy, 205
imprecision, 276
incest, 387–388. See also abortion
inconsistency over time, 311
indefeasible, 181
independence, 250–251
indicative conditionals, 44, 64,
135, 145
inductive arguments, 93, 180, 221
inductive generalizations, 179–183
inductive inference, 180, 191
inductive reasoning, 193
inductive standards
arguments from analogy, 204–213
causal reasoning, 215–238
choices, 263–272
vs. deductive arguments, 179–183
defeasibility, 191
induction vs. deduction, 179–183
inference to the best explanation,
195–204
legal reasoning and, 360
Legionnaires’ disease example,
232–234
opinion polls, 183–184
probability, 239–261
sampling, 185–188
statistical applications, 189–193
statistical generalizations, 183–188
strength as, 180–182
sufficient and necessary conditions,
220–222, 227–22897364_index_ptg01_495-512.indd 502 15/11/13 12:50 PM
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