5 0 7I n d e xrelevance, in arguments from
analogy, 205
relevance, rule of
contingent facts, 97
and conversational implications,
34–35
definition, 32
fallacies and, 307
and rhetorical devices, 36–37
violations of, 80, 142, 144
relevant disanalogies, 206
religious reasoning, 449–463.
See also God
Abraham and Isaac story, 462
agnosticism, 449
complex order of universe, 452
existence of God, 450–456
God as known and
experienced, 455
grace, 458–459
hell, 457–458
objections to belief in God, 455–460
objective moral values, 453
origin of the universe, 451–452
original sin, 457
predestination, 457, 459–462
resurrection of Jesus, 454
repetition, 80–81
representative heuristic, 241
resurrection of Jesus, 454
reverse discrimination, 364. See also
affirmative action
rhetorical devices
in close analysis, 62–63, 68
conversational rules, 36–38
Richmond v. J.A. Croson Co., 368
rigorous testing, 225–226, 234
risk, decisions under, 268
Romney, Mitt, 79–80
Roosevelt, Franklin, 186–187
rules, of conversational acts,
31–33
Ruse, Michael, 453
Rutherford, Ernest Lord, 315Salinger, J.D., 321n1
sample size, 185–186
sampling, biased, 186–187“Sanity and The Metaphysics of
Responsibility,” (Wolf),
469–483
sarcasm, 36
Satan, 314
Scalia, Antonin, 373, 375
Schwarzenegger, Arnold, 97–99
science, falsification of data in,
316–317
scientific reasoning, 423–448. See also
creationism, evolution, theory
of; intelligent design; natural
selection, theory of
explanations and, 423
scientific revolutions, 425–427
standard science, 423–425
scientific revolutions, 425–427
scope of moral principles, 384
screening test, 258
search warrant, 283
Sedgwick, John B., 321n4
“seem” in arguments, 65
segregation, 340, 363–364
self-defense exception, 386–388.
See also abortion
selfishness, 330
self-sealers, 328–332
semantic ambiguity, 293
semantic conventions, 21
semantic rules, 20
sentience, as condition of
personhood, 388
separate-but-equal doctrine, 363–364
September 11 terrorist attacks, 320
series with independence, 250–251
“Seven Deadly Objections to Belief in
the Christian God” (Curley),
456–460
shallow counterexample, 335
silencers, 309–310
“Silver Blaze” (Doyle), 197–198
similes, 36
simplicity of explanation, 199
sin, 55
“since” in arguments, 42, 86
slippery slope arguments, 280–289, 302
abortion and, 283, 389–392
causal slippery slope arguments,
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