42 ■ CITIES AND CLIMATE CHANGE
TABLE 2.5 Greenhouse Gas Emissions for Cities and Metropolitan Regionsmillion tons of CO
e 2
City or metropolitan region
a
Year
Energy (excluding aviation and marine)
Aviation
Marine
Energy (including aviation and marine)
Industrial processes
AFOLU
Waste
Total
(excluding aviation
and marine)
Total
EuropeAthens
2005
35.72
4.38
0.45
1.02
41.57
Barcelona
2006
3.68
2.67
6.35
0.39
4.07
6.74
Bologna
2005
8.93
0.07
0.72
0.25
9.97
Brussels
2005
7.34
0.14
0.02
0.04
7.55
Frankfurt
2005
44.40
4.99
1.61
0.61
51.61
Geneva
2005
2.45
0.74
0.00
3.19
0.16
2.61
3.35
Glasgow
2004
13.77
0.25
0.72
0.56
15.30
Hamburg
2005
33.96
2.82
4.46
0.28
41.52
Helsinki
2005
6.70
0.17
0.03
0.04
6.94
Ljubljana
2005
4.31
0.07
0.19
0.20
4.77
London
2003
46.31
23.00
0.00
69.31
0.00
0.00
1.53
47.84
70.84
Madrid
2005
36.25
2.23
0.36
2.15
40.98
Naples
2005
10.66
0.87
0.49
0.46
12.49
Oslo
2005
3.35
0.11
0.06
0.11
3.63
Paris II
2005
47.01
3.53
6.91
2.20
59.64
Porto
2005
11.14
0.07
0.38
0.56
12.14