Music Listening, Music Therapy, Phenomenology and Neuroscience

Appendix 3.04 Survey of

The Neurosciences and Music I

V

Conference 2011

Learning and Memory

Title, Category

Aim

Mus. Material, Cultural Ref. Technology & Procedure

Main focus of interest

Conclusion

35. 
    

    Eckart Altenmüller, Laurent Boullet, Hans

    
    

Christian Jabusch, Andre Lee

The mal

adapting sensory-

motor system of musicians: dystonia as a syndrome of dysfunctional brain plasticity

Cat. 11:

Deficit

Cat. 17: Sensory

-motor

To present new results of an effective new treatment strategy applying a re

learn

• 
  

ing strategy in musicians suffering from musician’s cramp or focal dystonia: the loss of control and degradation of skilled movements when

play

ing an

instrument

fMRI studies in patients suffering from embouchure and hand dystonia, compared to healthy musicians

Risk factors: Prolonged practice, high workload concerning fine motor activity, need of extremely precise temporo-

spatial control and

reproducing “classical” music in contrast to improvising musicians

Musicians with dystonia showed a distorted topographical representation of the lips or the hand in the sensory and motor cortex, a defective inhibition in basal gangl

ia and cortical motor

networks,

and subtle

structural abn

ormalities in the

basal ganglia

Symposium 7:

THE ROLE OF MUSIC IN STROKE REHABILITATION: NEURAL MECHANISMS AND THERAPEUTIC TECHNIQUES

(36

-41)

Title, Category

Aim

Mus. Material, Cultural Ref.

Technology & Procedure

Main focus of interest

Conclusion

36. Teppo Särkämo
    Rehabilitative effects of music listening on the recovering brain
    Cat. 11: Deficit Cat. 12: Recovery
    37. David Soto Improving visual neglect through pleasant mu

sic

Cat. 11: Deficit Cat. 12: Recovery

(Not in the proceedings)

38. 
    

    Antoni Rodriguez

    
    

Fornells

Music

-supported therapy

induced plasticity in the sensorimotor cortex in chronic stroke patients

Cat. 11: Deficit Cat. 12: Recovery

To present

a randomized

con

trolled trial (RCT, n = 60)

about the longterm effects of music on stroke recovery

Articles: Särkämö et al.

(2008)

Forsblom et al. (2010)

The effect of musically

• 
  

induced emotion upon visual neglect, i.e. reduced awareness of visual stimuli in the contralateral side of sp

ace

relative to a brain lesion

Music

-Supported Therapy

(M

ST) has been developed

in

order to improve the use of the affected upper extremity after stroke

Qualitative patient interviews, voxel

-based morphometry

(VBM) analyses of MRI

data,

and magnetoencephalography

(MEG)

fMRI: Visual tasks

performed

under preferred

music

conditions

, compared to

unpreferred music

or silence fMRI and Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation to investigate the physiological mechanisms underlying

the

effect

s of MST

The potential psychological and neural mechanisms underlying the effects of

daily

music listening

Visual neglect patients can show enhanced visual awareness when visual tasks are performed under preferred music conditions

Motor amelioratio

n will occur

because music

-supported

training involves precise auditory feedback and may promote auditory

-motor

coupling

Daily music listening enhanced the recovery of memory, attention, and auditory encoding as well as preventing depression and confusion

during the early

post-

stroke s

tage

Preferred music enhanced activity in emotional areas

of the orbitofrontal cortex and the cingulated gyrus

Behavioral motor improvement accompanied by signs of neuroplastic reorganization in the

sensorim

otor cortex of

chronic

patients