Music Listening, Music Therapy, Phenomenology and Neuroscience

Appendix 3.04 Survey of

The Neurosciences and Music I

V

Conference 2011

Learning and Memory

Title, Category

Aim

Mus. Material, Cultural Ref.

Technology & Procedure

Main focus of interest

Conclusion

43. Krista L. Hyde
    Brain and behavioral correlates of auditory processing in autism spectrum disorders
    Cat. 11: Disorder
    *44.

I. Molnar

-Szakacs, T.

Wong, R. Brezis, M. Wang, L.S McKay, E.A. Laugeson, W. Wu, K. Overy, J.

Piggot

The neural correlates of emotional

music per

ception:

an fMRI study of the SAME

model of musical experience Cat. 11: Disorder

Cat. 17: Sensory

-motor

Articles: Overy et al. (2009)

Molnar

-Szakacs et al. (2006)

(Not in the proceedings)

45. Catherine Wan, Loes Baz

en, Lauryn Zipse,

Andrea Nort

on

, Jennifer

Zuk, Jennifer Batore, Gottfried Schlaug

Using Auditory-

Motor

Mapping Training

(AMMT)

to

facilitate speech output in non

-verbal children with

autism Cat. 11: Disorder

Cat. 17: Sensory

-motor

To present recent findings of brain and behavioral differences in auditory perception in Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) with respect to current theories of aty

pical sensory

perception in ASD

The Shared Affective Motion

Experience (SAME) model of music perceptionholds that emotion in music is perceived no

t only as an auditory signal,

but also as

intentional,

hierarchically organized sequences

of expressi

ve

motor acts behind the signal

Auditory

-Motor Mapping

Training

treatment data from

a series of completely nonverbal children with autism will be pre

sented, as

well as diffusion

-tensor

imaging results showing

abnormalities in language

• 
  

related tracts. These brain abnormalities may be associated with

therapeutic outcomes

No

passive stimuli. Multi

• 
  

sensory activity such as clapping, tapping, mar

ching,

dance

The combination of behavioral and brain imaging methods of function and structure is critical to understand the neural mechanisms underlying ASD phenotypes

We studied the neural correlates of emotional music perception in high

-functioning

children with

Autism spectrum

Disorder (

ASD

) (mean age 12

years) and age

-matched

controls using 3T functional Ma

gnetic Resonance Imaging

(fMRI)

Recently, our laboratory has

developed a novel intonation

• 
  

based intervention called

Auditory

-Motor Mappin

g

Training (AMMT)

, which

trains the association between sounds and articulatory actions with the goal of facilitating

speech

output in

nonverbal children

with autism

How atypical auditory per

ception in ASD is reflect

ed

at the level of bot

h brain

structu

re and function

The human Mirror Neuron System (MNS) allows for co

• 
  

representation and sharing of affective musical experience between agent

and listener

Although up to 25% of children with autism are

non

-verbal, there are very few

interventions that

can reliably produce significant improvements

in speech output

The study of such brain

• 
  

behavioral relationships may lead to the

identifi

cation of

neurobiological markers in ASD. In turn, the findings from this work

may guide earlier

and improved

biologically

based

interventions in ASD

Support for the SAME model of affective musical

experience, whereby recruitment of the neural systems of embodiment and emotion in the children allows them to experience and understand the expressive dynamics of he

ard sound

gestures through emotional music

AMMT capi

talizes on the

inherent musical strengths of children with autism, and offers

activities that they

intrinsically enjoy. It also

engages and potentially stimulates a networkof brain regions that

may be

dysfunctional in autism