PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY IN BRIEF

CHAP. 8: CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM [CONTENTS] 261 energy of the system G= ∑m j=1 ∑k i=1 (ni, 0 +νj,iξj)Gm,i (8.39) while obeying the ...

CHAP. 9: CHEMICAL KINETICS [CONTENTS] 262 Chapter 9 Chemical kinetics 9.1 Basic terms and relations. Chemical kinetics is focuse ...

CHAP. 9: CHEMICAL KINETICS [CONTENTS] 263 Therate of reaction(9.1) is r=− 1 a dcA dτ =− 1 b dcB dτ =··· 1 s dcS dτ = 1 t dcT dτ ...

CHAP. 9: CHEMICAL KINETICS [CONTENTS] 264 Example The reaction N 2 + 3H 2 → 2 NH 3 proceeded in a closed autoclave of the volume ...

CHAP. 9: CHEMICAL KINETICS [CONTENTS] 265 Note: Note that the rates in equations (9.2) through (9.5) are defined at constant vol ...

CHAP. 9: CHEMICAL KINETICS [CONTENTS] 266 The kinetic equation in the relation (9.9) is written for the rate of consumption of s ...

CHAP. 9: CHEMICAL KINETICS [CONTENTS] 267 Determination of the rate constants, the order of reaction and the partial orders of r ...

CHAP. 9: CHEMICAL KINETICS [CONTENTS] 268 The concentrations of substances reacting according to equation (9.1) are bound by the ...

CHAP. 9: CHEMICAL KINETICS [CONTENTS] 269 Example Consider the chemical reaction A+ 2B→ 3 C. The initial concentrations of subst ...

CHAP. 9: CHEMICAL KINETICS [CONTENTS] 270 At timeτ = 0 isx= 0 and, thus we obtain ∫x 0 dx φ(x) =τ. (9.15) Example Solve the kine ...

CHAP. 9: CHEMICAL KINETICS [CONTENTS] 271 9.2 Simple reactions systematics We will assume that a reaction starts at timeτ= 0. Th ...

CHAP. 9: CHEMICAL KINETICS [CONTENTS] 272 Obr. 9.1: Time dependence of the reactants concentration for a zero-order reaction of ...

CHAP. 9: CHEMICAL KINETICS [CONTENTS] 273 9.2.2 First-order reactions 9.2.2.1 Type of reaction A→products. (9.22) 9.2.2.2 Kineti ...

CHAP. 9: CHEMICAL KINETICS [CONTENTS] 274 Obr.9.2:Time dependence of the reactants concentration for a first-order reaction of t ...

CHAP. 9: CHEMICAL KINETICS [CONTENTS] 275 b) Type A + B→products, (9.28) when the partial orders equal one and the reactants hav ...

CHAP. 9: CHEMICAL KINETICS [CONTENTS] 276 Example The dimerization 2 A→A 2 (9.35) is a second-order reaction whose rate constant ...

CHAP. 9: CHEMICAL KINETICS [CONTENTS] 277 9.2.3.6 Kinetic equation − dcA dτ =kcAcB =⇒ dx dτ =k(cA0−x)(cB0−x). (9.37) 9.2.3.7 Int ...

CHAP. 9: CHEMICAL KINETICS [CONTENTS] 278 9.2.3.9 Type. aA +bB→products. (9.43) 9.2.3.10 Kinetic equation − dcA dτ =kcAcB =⇒ a d ...

CHAP. 9: CHEMICAL KINETICS [CONTENTS] 279 Obr.9.3: Time dependence of the reactants concentration for a second-order reaction of ...

CHAP. 9: CHEMICAL KINETICS [CONTENTS] 280 d) Type aA +bB +cC→products, (9.50) when there are three reactants with general stoich ...