PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY IN BRIEF

CHAP. 9: CHEMICAL KINETICS [CONTENTS] 281 9.2.4.6 Kinetic equation − dcA dτ =kAc^2 AcB =⇒ 2 dx dτ =kA(cA0− 2 x)^2 (cB0−x). (9.57 ...

CHAP. 9: CHEMICAL KINETICS [CONTENTS] 282 For the concentrations of the reactants we write cA=cA0−x , cB=cB0−x , cC=cC0−x , (9.6 ...

CHAP. 9: CHEMICAL KINETICS [CONTENTS] 283 9.2.4.14 Integrated forms of the kinetic equation For time as a function ofxwe write k ...

CHAP. 9: CHEMICAL KINETICS [CONTENTS] 284 9.2.5.4 Reaction half-life τ 1 / 2 =c^1 A0−n 2 n−^1 − 1 (n−1)k . (9.74) 9.2.6 nth-orde ...

CHAP. 9: CHEMICAL KINETICS [CONTENTS] 285 If the partial orders of reaction are integers, we can solve the integral by way of th ...

CHAP. 9: CHEMICAL KINETICS [CONTENTS] 286 order α β γ stoich. coeff. init. comp. Eq. 0 0 0 0 a - - A (9.18) 1 1 0 0 a - - A (9.2 ...

CHAP. 9: CHEMICAL KINETICS [CONTENTS] 287 9.3 Methods to determine reaction orders and rate constants 9.3.1 Problem formulation ...

CHAP. 9: CHEMICAL KINETICS [CONTENTS] 288 Solution We first try whether this is a first-order reaction. From equation (9.24) we ...

CHAP. 9: CHEMICAL KINETICS [CONTENTS] 289 Note:In view of experimental errors in the measured concentration values, the rate con ...

CHAP. 9: CHEMICAL KINETICS [CONTENTS] 290 Note:The drawback of this method is the difficult determination of reaction rates from ...

CHAP. 9: CHEMICAL KINETICS [CONTENTS] 291 two unknowns is solved as follows: n= 1− ln [( τ 1 / 2 ) 1 / ( τ 1 / 2 ) 2 ] ln [(cA0) ...

CHAP. 9: CHEMICAL KINETICS [CONTENTS] 292 9.3.6 Ostwald’s isolation method. The methods presented above are not very suitable fo ...

CHAP. 9: CHEMICAL KINETICS [CONTENTS] 293 9.4 Simultaneous chemical reactions We speak about simultaneous reactions when there a ...

CHAP. 9: CHEMICAL KINETICS [CONTENTS] 294 b) Reversibleoropposingreactions. These reactions proceed in both directions. The simp ...

CHAP. 9: CHEMICAL KINETICS [CONTENTS] 295 Example Two simultaneous reactions proceed in a system: A k 1 → R + 2S + B, (1) A + B ...

CHAP. 9: CHEMICAL KINETICS [CONTENTS] 296 Example Consider the same reactions as in the preceding example: A →k^1 R + 2S + B, (1 ...

CHAP. 9: CHEMICAL KINETICS [CONTENTS] 297 dcB dτ = k 1 cA, (9.97) dcC dτ = k 2 cA. (9.98) 9.4.4.3 Integrated forms of the kineti ...

CHAP. 9: CHEMICAL KINETICS [CONTENTS] 298 9.4.5.2 Kinetic equations. dcA dτ = dcB dτ = −(k 1 +k 2 )cAcB =⇒ dx dτ = (k 1 +k 2 )(c ...

CHAP. 9: CHEMICAL KINETICS [CONTENTS] 299 A + B →k^2 D. 9.4.6.2 Kinetic equations. − dcA dτ = k 1 cA+k 2 cAcB, (9.113) − dcB dτ ...

CHAP. 9: CHEMICAL KINETICS [CONTENTS] 300 9.4.7 First-order reversible reactions. 9.4.7.1 Type of reaction A k 1 → B, B k 2 → A. ...