PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY IN BRIEF

CHAP. 6: THERMODYNAMICS OF HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURES [CONTENTS] 161 6.5.3 Standard states To determineμsti in relation (6.71), we nee ...

CHAP. 6: THERMODYNAMICS OF HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURES [CONTENTS] 162 S Symbols: The values of thermodynamic quantities in the standard ...

CHAP. 6: THERMODYNAMICS OF HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURES [CONTENTS] 163 0 mst cst x 1 1 H 1 [m] H 1 [c] H 1 H 1 [x] H 1 • Obr.6.3:Definit ...

CHAP. 6: THERMODYNAMICS OF HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURES [CONTENTS] 164 Dependence of activity on composition Activity can be written as ...

CHAP. 6: THERMODYNAMICS OF HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURES [CONTENTS] 165 Example A mixture of light and heavy water in the liquid phase be ...

CHAP. 6: THERMODYNAMICS OF HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURES [CONTENTS] 166 U Main unit:dimensionless quantity. Example For a solution of suc ...

CHAP. 6: THERMODYNAMICS OF HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURES [CONTENTS] 167 Solution According to (6.55) we have G E i =Gi−Gi,id.mix, where, ...

CHAP. 6: THERMODYNAMICS OF HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURES [CONTENTS] 168 Example The activity coefficient of ethanol in an ethanol (1)—wat ...

CHAP. 6: THERMODYNAMICS OF HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURES [CONTENTS] 169 whereγ∞i is the limiting activity coefficientγiin a mixture in wh ...

CHAP. 6: THERMODYNAMICS OF HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURES [CONTENTS] 170 6.5.6.2 Regular solution For a binary system, the model of a stri ...

CHAP. 7: PHASE EQUILIBRIA [CONTENTS] 171 Chapter 7 Phase equilibria 7.1 Basic terms 7.1.1 Phase equilibrium. When a system compo ...

CHAP. 7: PHASE EQUILIBRIA [CONTENTS] 172 7.1.3 Phase transition. The term phase transition applies to a process during which a c ...

CHAP. 7: PHASE EQUILIBRIA [CONTENTS] 173 of the solid in the liquid. In multicomponent systems, transition from one liquid phase ...

CHAP. 7: PHASE EQUILIBRIA [CONTENTS] 174 chosen pressurep. Thedew pressureis a pressure at which a vapour of a given composition ...

CHAP. 7: PHASE EQUILIBRIA [CONTENTS] 175 7.1.9 Normal melting point. Thenormal melting pointis determined by the normal melting ...

CHAP. 7: PHASE EQUILIBRIA [CONTENTS] 176 Note: In a one-component system, there cannot be four or more phases in equilibrium. Th ...

CHAP. 7: PHASE EQUILIBRIA [CONTENTS] 177 7.2 Thermodynamic conditions of equilibrium in multiphase systems. 7.2.0.1 Extensive an ...

CHAP. 7: PHASE EQUILIBRIA [CONTENTS] 178 7.2.1 Phase transitions of the first and second order It follows from the condition of ...

CHAP. 7: PHASE EQUILIBRIA [CONTENTS] 179 7.3 Gibbs phase rule 7.3.1 Independent and dependent variables The thermodynamic state ...

CHAP. 7: PHASE EQUILIBRIA [CONTENTS] 180 Solution The number of intensive independent variables is 4: pressure, temperature, the ...