Chapter 12 Understanding Chronic Diseases
Moderate risk clients are defined as having no signs or
symptoms of disease, no diagnosis of disease, and two or more
risk factors as outlined above. According to the ACSM, the risk
of an acute cardiovascular event is moderate and an exercise
program can be pursued as long as the PARmed-X is returned
outlining the recommendation of unrestricted physical activity.It is outside of the Personal Trainer’s scope of practice to work
with high risk clients, those diagnosed with CVD or other heart or
blood disease, and those taking medication to treat such diesase.Hypertension
T
he Canadian Health Measures Survey (CHMS) was
launched in 2007. The survey used a mobile examination
centre that visited 15 sites Canada wide. Trained health pro-
fessionals directly measured blood pressure for all respondents,
3,514 of whom were aged 20 to 79, between March 2007 and
February 2009. Persons whose systolic blood pressure was 140
millimetres of mercury (mmHg) or higher, or diastolic pressure was
90 mmHg or higher, or who reported they had used medication for
high blood pressure in the past month were classified as having
hypertension. It should be noted that
CSEP defines hypertension as a read-
ing at or above 144/94 mmHg.In February 2010, the CHMS released a
report called the Canadian Health Mea-
sures Survey: Blood pressure in adults(^4) . Results indicated that five million
Canadian adults or 19 per cent of the
population have high blood pressure.
Another 20 per cent of Canadian adults
have pre-hypertension, meaning that
their blood pressure is between 120/80
mmHg and 139/89 mmHg. Therefore,
technically, the individual does not have
‘hypertension’ now, however they are
likely to develop it in the future, unless
they adopt a healthy lifestyle.
The Prevalence of
Hypertension in Adults
The prevalence of hypertension was
19 per cent for men and women, al-
though the males were less likely
to be aware of their condition. The
prevalence of hypertension increased
dramatically with age. While only two per cent of adults ages
20 – 39 years had hypertension, 53 per cent of adults ages 60 –
Figure 12.1
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To
lungs
To
body
From
body
From
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From
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