- Nursing interventions
° Monitor urinary output (600 mL/d) and liver function (liver enzymes)
° Report if serum liver enzymes are elevated - Client teaching
° Advise patients traveling to malaria-infested countries to take prophy-
lactic doses of antimalarial drugs before leaving, during the visit, and
upon return.
° Instruct patient to take oral antimalarial drugs with food or at mealtime
if GI upset occurs.
° Monitor patients returning from international travel for malarial
symptoms.
° Instruct the client to report vision or hearing changes immediately.
° Advise the patient to avoid consuming large quantities of alcohol. - Evaluation
° Evaluate effectiveness of drug by determining the patient is free of
symptoms - Side effects and adverse reactions
° General side effects include GI upset, 8th cranial nerve involvement
(quinine and chloroquine), renal impairment (quinine) and cardiovascu-
lar effects (quinine)
Anthelmintic
Helminths are large organisms (parasitic worms) that feed on host tissue. The
most common site is the intestine. Other sites are the lymphatic system, blood
vessels, and liver.
There are four groups of helminths:1.Cestodes (tapeworms) (enter via contaminated food [pork (trichinosis),
fish, dwarf])
2.Trematodes (flukes)
3.Intestinal nematodes (roundworms)
4.Tissue-invading nematodes (tissue roundworms and filariae)(^248) CHAPTER 13 Antimicrobials—Fighting Infection