A list of drugs utilized in the treatment of HIV is provided in the Appendix.
Detailed tables show doses, recommendations, expectations, side effects, con-
traindications, and more; available on the book’s Web site (see URL in Appendix).HIV therapy and pregnancy
Special care must be taken when an HIV patient is pregnant. The objective is to
reduce the risk of transmission of HIV to the fetus. Before the onset of labor, the
patient is given 100 mg of ZDV five times daily, initiated at 14 to 34 weeks of
gestation and continued throughout the pregnancy.
The patient is given ZDV intravenously in a 10-hour loading dose of 2 mg per
kg of body weight, followed by a continuous infusion of 1 mg per kg of body
weight per hour at beginning of labor and until delivery.
The newborn is then given PO ZDV at 2 mg/kg/per dose every 6 hours for the
first 6 weeks of life, beginning 8 to 12 hours after birth.Postexposure prophylaxis
Postexposure prophylaxis is administered to all healthcare workers according to
the Public Health Service Statement on the Management of Occupational
Exposures to HIV and Recommendations. The policy for postexposure prophy-
laxis is institution specific and should be available to all employees.(^320) CHAPTER 17 Immunologic Agents
Regimen
Category Application Drug Regimen
Basic Occupational HIV exposures 4 week (28 d) of both zidovudine 600 mg
for which there is a every day in divided doses (i.e., 300 mg
recognized transmission risk. twice a day, 200 mg three times a day,
or 100 mg every 4 h) and lamivudine
150 mg twice a day
Expanded Occupational HIV exposures Basic regimen plus either indinavir 800 mg
that pose an increased risk every 8 hr or nelfinavir 750 mg three times
for transmission (e.g., larger a day
volume of blood and/or
higher virus titer in blood)
Basic and Expanded Postexposure Prophylaxis Regimens