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lipoproteins (see Table 19-5) and are transported in the body. These lipoproteins
are classified as:

• Chylomicrons


• Very low-density lipoproteins (LDL)


• High-density lipoproteins (HDL).

The HDL (friendly or “good” lipoproteins) has a higher percentage of protein
and fewer lipids. HDL removes cholesterol from the bloodstream and delivers
cholesterol to the liver. The other three lipoproteins are composed of cholesterol

CHAPTER 19 Cardiac Circulatory Medications^367

Type Major Lipids

I Increased chylomicrons and increased triglycerides. Uncommon.

IIA Increased low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and increased cholesterol.

IIB Increased very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), increased LDL,

increased cholesterol and triglycerides. Very common.

III Moderately increased cholesterol and triglycerides. Uncommon.

IV Increased VLDL and markedly increased triglycerides. Very common.

V Increased chylomicrons, VLDL, and triglycerides. Uncommon.

Table 19-5. Hyperlipidemia: Lipoprotein Phenotype Types II and IV are commonly

associated with coronary artery disease.

Level of Risk

Normal Low Level of Risk for CAD

Value Risk for CAD High Risk

Lipids (mg/dL) (mg/dL) Moderate Risk (mg/dL)

Cholesterol 150–240 <200 200-240 >240

Triglycerides 40–190 Values vary >190

with age

Lipoproteins LDL 60–160 <130 130–159 >160

Lipoproteins HDL 29–77 >60 35–50 <35

Table 19-4. Serum lipid values.