CHAPTER 54 • WRIST AND HAND FRACTURES 319Bishop AT, Beckenbaugh RD: Fractures of the hamate hook.
J Hand Surg13A:135–139, 1988.
Black DM, Mann RJ, Constine RM, et al: Comparison of internal
fixation techniques in metacarpal fracture. J Hand Surg
10A:466–472, 1985.
Bloem JJ: The treatment and prognosis of uncomplicated dislo-
cated fractures of the metacarpals and phalanges. Arch Chir
Neer 23:55–65, 1971.
Botte MJ, Gelberman RH: Fractures of the carpus excluding the
scaphoid. Hand Clin 3:149–161, 1987.
Breen TF: Sport-related injuries of the hand, inPappas AM (ed.):
Upper Extremity Injuries in the Athlete. New York, NY,
Churchill Livingstone, 1995, pp 451–491.
Breitenseher MD, Metz VM, Gilula LA, et al: Radiographically
occult scaphoid fractures: Value of MR imaging in dectection.
Radiology203:245–250, 1997.
Bryan RS, Dobyns JH: Fractures of the carpal bones other than
the lunate and navicular. Clin Orthop14:107–111, 1980.
Buchler U, McCollam SM, Oppikofer C: Comminuted fractures
of the basilar joint of the thumb: Combined treatment by exter-
nal fixation, limited internal fixation, and bone grafting.
J Hand Surg 16A:556–560, 1991.
Capo JT, Hastings H: Metacarpal and phalangeal fractures in ath-
letes. Clin Sports Med 17:491–511, 1998.
Christensen OM, Christiansen TG, Krasheninnikoff M, et al:
Length of immobilization after fractures of the distal radius.
Intern Orthop19:26–29, 1995.
Colles A: On the fracture of the carpal extremity of the radius.
Edinburgh Med Surg J 10:182–186, 1814.
Cooney WP, Dobyns JH, Linscheid RL: Complications of Colles’
fractures. J Bone Joint Surg 62A:613–619, 1980.
Cordrey LJ, Ferrer-Torells M: Management of fractures of the
greater multangular: Report of five cases. J Bone Joint Surg
42A:1321–1322, 1974.
DaCruz DJ, Slade RJ, Malone W: Fractures of the distal pha-
langes. J Hand Surg [Br] 13B:350–352, 1988.
Doczi J, Springer G, Renner A, et al: Occult distal radial frac-
tures. J Hand Surg20B:614–617, 1995.
Ford DJ: Acute carpal tunnel syndrome: Complications of
delayed decompression. J Bone Joint Surg 68B:758–759,
1986.
Freeland AE: Hand Fractures: Repair, Reconstruction, and
Rehabilitation. Philadelphia, PA, Churchill Livingstone, 2000.
Gedda KO: Studies of Bennett’s fractures: Anatomy, roentgenol-
ogy, and therapy. Acta Chir Scand Suppl 5:193, 1954.
Geissler WB: Carpal fractures in athletes. Clin Sports Med
20:167–188, 2001.
Geissler WB, Freeland AE: Arthroscopically assisted reduction
of intraarticular distal radial fractures. Clin Orthop
327:125–134, 1996.
Geissler WB, Freeland AE, Savoie FH, et al: Intracarpal soft-
tissue lesions associated with an intra-articular fracture of the
distal end of the radius. J Bone Joint Surg 78A:357–365, 1996.
Gelberman RH, Szabo RM, Mortenson WW: Carpal tunnel pres-
sures and wrist position in patients with Colles’ fractures.
J Trauma24:747–749, 1984.
Gellman H, caputo RJ, Carter V, et al: A comparison of short and
long thumb-spica casts for nondisplaced fractures of the carpal
scaphoid. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 71:354–357, 1989.
Graham TJ, Mullen DJ: Athletic injuries of the adult hand, in
DeLee JC, Dres D, Jr, Miller MD (eds.): DeLee & Drez’s
Orthopaedic Sports Medicine; Principles and Practice.
Philadelphia, PA, Saunders, 2003, pp 1381–1431.
Green DP: Operative Hand Surgery. New York, NY, Churchill
Livingstone, 1993.
Green DP, O’Brien ET: Fractures of the thumb metacarpal. South
Med J65:807–814, 1972.
Harper WM, Jones JM: Non-union of Colles’ fracture: Report of
two cases. J Hand Surg 15B:121–123, 1990.
Henry M: Fractures and dislocations of the hand, inBucholz RW,
Heckman JD (eds.): Rockwood and Green’s Fractures in
Adults. Philadelphia, PA, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins,
2001, pp 655–748.
Herbert TJ, Fisher WE: Management of the fractured scaphoid
using a new bone screw. J Bone Joint Surg [Br] 66B:114–123,
1984.
Herzberg G, Comtet JJ, et al: Perilunate dislocations and fracture
dislocations: A multicenter study. J Hand Surg 18A:768–779,
1993.
Hocker K, Menshik A: Chip fractures of the triquetrum:
Mechanism, classification and results. J Hand Surg19B:584–
588, 1994.
Jahss S: Fractures of the metacapals: A new method of reduction
and immobilization. J Bone Joint Surg 20:178–186, 1938.
Jupiter JB: Current concepts review: Fractures of the distal end of
the radius. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 73:461, 1991.
Jupiter JB, Fernandez DL, Toh CL, et al: Operative treatment of
volar intra-articular fractures of the distal end of the radius.
J Bone Joint Surg 78A:1817–1828, 1996.
Knirk JL, Jupiter JB: Intra-articular fractures of the distal end of
the radius in young adults. J Bone Joint Surg [Am]63A:647–
659, 1986.
Koman LA, Mooney JF, Poehling GG: Fractures and ligamentous
injuries of the wrist. Hand Clin6:477–491, 1990.
Langford SA, Whitaker JH, Toby EB: Thumb injuries in the ath-
lete. Clin Sports Med 17:553–566, 1998.
Lidstrom A: Fractures of the distal end of the radius: A clinical
and statistical study of end results. Acta Orthop Scand Suppl
41:1–118, 1959.
Mandelbaum BR, Bartolozzi AR, Davis CA, et al. Wrist pain
syndrome in the gymnasts. Am J Sports Med 17:305–317,
1989.
Marck KW, Klasen HJ: Fracture-dislocation of the hamato-
metacarpal joint: A case report. J Hand Surg11:128–130,
1986.
McCue FC, III, Bruce JF, Jr, Koman JD: The wrist in the adult, in
DeLee JC, Dres D, Jr, Miller MD (eds.): DeLee & Drez’s
Orthopaedic Sports Medicine; Principles and Practice.
Philadelphia, PA, Saunders, 2003, pp 1337–1364.
McNealy RW, Lichtenstein ME: Fractures of the bones of the
hand. Am J Surg 50:563–570, 1940.
Mohanti RC, Kar N: Study of triangular fibrocartilage of
the wrist joint in Colles’ fracture. Injury11:321–324,
1980.
Moir JS, Wardlaw D, Maffulli N: Functional bracing of Colles’
fractures. Hospital Joint Disease 58:45–52, 1999.
Morgan WJ, Busconi BD: Injuries of the distal radius and distal
radioulnar joint, in Pappas AM (ed.): Upper Extremity Injuries