292 CHAPTER 5. ELEMENTARY PARTICLES
For the weak interaction, there are about four levels: weaktons, mediators, quarks and
charged leptons. By (5.3.14), the layered formulas for these four level particles are given by
(5.3.15)
Φw 0 =gwe−kr[
1
r−
Bw
ρw( 1 + 2 kr)e−kr]
,
Φwm= 2(
ρw
ρm) 3
gwe−kr[
1
r−
Bm
ρm( 1 + 2 kr)e−kr]
,
Φwq= 3(
ρw
ρq) 3
gwe−kr[
1
r−
Bq
ρq( 1 + 2 kr)e−kr]
,
Φwl= 3(
ρw
ρl) 3
gwe−kr[
1
r−
Bl
ρl( 1 + 2 kr)e−kr]
.
By (4.6.37), the weak chargegwof weakton can be expressed as
(5.3.16) g^2 w=
1
9
α^2(
ρn
ρw) 6
̄hc,whereα=√^2
5
√
2(
mw
mp)
× 10 −^2.
Duality of mediators
Based on the unified field theory, there exists a natural duality between the mediators:(5.3.17)
tensor gravitongG ↔ vector gravitonφG,
vector photonγ ↔ scalar photonγ 0
vector bosonsW±,Z ↔ HiggsH±,H^0 ,
gluons{gk| 1 ≤k≤ 8 } ↔ scalar gluons{gk 0 | 1 ≤k≤ 8 }.We shall see that the prediction (5.3.17) are in perfect agreement with the consequences of
the weakton model.
5.3.3 Weaktons and their quantum numbers
The observation of subatomic decays and electron radiations leads us to propose a set of
elementary particles, which we call weaktons. They are massless, spin−^12 particles with one
unit of weak chargegw.
The introduction of weaktons is based on the following theories, observational facts and
considerations:
1) The interior structure of charged leptons, quarks and mediators demonstrated by the
decays, scatterings and radiations, as as shown in (5.3.1)-(5.3.3);2) The new quantum numbers of weak chargegwand strong chargegsintroduced in
(5.3.10);3) The mass generation mechanism presented in Section5.3.2;