294 CHAPTER 5. ELEMENTARY PARTICLES
5.3.4 Weakton constituents and duality of mediators
In this section we introduce the weakton compositions of charged leptons, quarks and me-
diators. Meanwhile, in the weakton compositions of mediators there exists a natural duality
in the spin arrangements, which give rise to the same conclusions as derived in (5.3.17). In
addition, the neutrinosνl(l=e,μ,τ)form a new particle: theν-mediatorν=∑αlνlνl,
which is of special importance because it can not only explain many decays, but also provide
a more reasonable explanation for the well-known solar neutrino problem in Section6.3.
1.Charged leptons and quarks. The weakton constituents of charged leptons and quarks
are given by
(5.3.19)
e=νew 1 ,w 2 , μ=νμw 1 w 2 , τ=ντw 1 w 2 ,
u=w∗w 1 w 1 , c=w∗w 2 w 2 , t=w∗w 2 w 2 ,
d=w∗w 1 w 2 , s=w∗w 1 w 2 , b=w∗w 1 w 2 ,wherec,tandd,s,bare distinguished by their spin arrangements. We suppose that
(5.3.20)
u=w∗w 1 w 1 (⇈↓,↑,↑↓↑,↓↑↓,↑,↓⇈),
c=w∗w 2 w 2 (⇈↓,↑,↑,↓⇈),
t=w∗w 2 w 2 (↑↓↑,↓↑↓),and
(5.3.21)
d=w∗w 1 w 2 (⇈↓,↑),
s=w∗w 1 w 2 (↑,↓⇈),
b=w∗w 1 w 2 (↑↓↑,↓↑↓).These arrangements (5.3.20) and (5.3.21) are speculative, and the true results will have to
determined by experiments.
2.Mediators. According to the matched quantum numbers, the mediatorsγ,W±,Z,gk
should have the following weakton constituents:
(5.3.22)
γ=α 1 w 1 w 1 +α 2 w 2 w 2 (α 12 +α 22 = 1 ),
Z=β 1 w 1 w 1 +β 2 w 2 w 2 (β 12 +β 22 = 1 ),
W+=w 1 w 2 ,
W−=w 1 w 2 ,
gk=w∗w∗ (k=color index).In view of theWSelectroweak theory (Quigg, 2013 ):
γ=cosθwBμ−sinθwWμ^3 ,
Z=sinθwBμ+cosθwWμ^3 ,
sin^2 θw= 0. 23 ,