Mathematical Principles of Theoretical Physics

5.4. MECHANISMS OF SUBATOMIC DECAYS AND ELECTRON RADIATIONS 309

There are three exchange processes in (5.4.32):

(5.4.33) gk+γ+γ 0 →u+u,

(5.4.34) s+γ→d+γ 0 (i.e.uds+γ→udd+γ 0 ),

(5.4.35) udd(n)+uu→uud(p)+ud(π−).

The process (5.4.33) was described by (5.4.21), the quark exchange process (5.4.35) is clear,
and (5.4.34) is the conversion fromsquark todquark, described by

(5.4.36) w∗w 1 w 2 ↑(s)+w 1 w 1 ⇈(γ)→w∗w 1 w 2 ⇈↓(d)+w 1 w 1 ↓↑(γ 0 ).

Namely, (5.4.36) is an exchange of twow 1 with reversed spins.

5.4.5 Electron structure

The weakton constituents of an electron areνew 1 w 2 , which rotate as shown in Figure5.9.
Noting the electric charges and weak charges ofνe,w 1 ,w 2 are given by

electric charge: Qνe= 0 , Qwe^1 =−

1

3

, Qwe^2 =−

2

3

,

weak charge: Qνw= 1 , Qww^1 = 1 , Qww^2 = 1 ,

we see that the distribution of weaktonsνe,w 1 ,w 2 in an electron is in an irregular triangle
due to the asymmetric forces on the weaktons by the electromagnetic and weak interactions,
as shown in Figure5.14.

ρ 1

ρ 2

νe

w 1

w 2

attracting band of weak force

of a naked electron e=νew 1 w 2

5.4.5 Electron structure.

In addition, the weak force formula between the naked electron and massless mediators