Foundations of Cognitive Psychology: Preface - Preface
world with a relatively blank slate, ready to learn what there is to learn about the perceptual world? Most modern theorists agr ...
inferences (reasonable hunches) about the general class of objects or events that the images might represent. Since this process ...
that the holistic perception of the world arises because the cortex is organized to function that way. You organize sensory info ...
Gestaltists. Modern researchers often try to understand how sources of information are combined to arrive at a perceptual interp ...
your attention, independent of your local goals as a perceiver. Research sug- gests, for example, that new objects in a perceptu ...
when the S appeared in a space that was previously unoccupied that subjects’ performance—the speed with which they could name th ...
attention had been totally filtering all ignored material. In dichotic listening tasks, subjects sometimes noticed their own nam ...
letter, each black letter is the same as the gray letter above it. A number of experiments show that subjects take longer to rea ...
Phenomena like this one suggest that selective attention works in two ways. First, your internal representations of the stimuli ...
consider each white symbol one by one, orserially.This experience is compa- rable to finding something in your environment that ...
serially, so each white element you look at (until you find the right one) adds a separate increment of time. Researchers can us ...
attention (Treisman, 1986, 1988; Treisman & Gelade, 1980). To demonstrate that attention is necessary to feature integration ...
These results suggest that preattentive processing may allow perceivers to get individual features correct but, without focused ...
percepts by combining preattentive perception of single stimulus features with memory for familiar, similar whole figures. We ar ...
mosaic of responses. In other words, your perceptual system must combine the outputs of the separate receptors into appropriate ...
Notice, however, that there is no fir tree shape; the figure consists only of three solid gray figures and a base of lines. You ...
Your perceptual system also relies onreference framesto identify a figure’s shape. Consider figure 7.20. If you saw the left-han ...
Figure 7.20 Reference frames. Figure 7.21 Grouping phenomena. We perceive each array from B through G as being organized in a pa ...
proximal) elements are grouped together. The Gestaltists interpreted such re- sults to mean that the whole stimulus pattern is s ...
coherent whole, the pieces just don’t fit together properly (image B). Image C has two arms that somehow turn into three prongs ...
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