Statistical Analysis for Education and Psychology Researchers

(repeated

measures)—8.27

where:

Trm=Total score over repeated measurements for each subject

nrm=Number of repeated measures

nt=Number of treatments (conditions)

ns=Number of subjects

xi=Individual score

c) Corrected total sums of squares SS(ct)
The corrected total sums of squares are given in the usual way:

Corrected total sums

of squares (repeated

measures)—8.28

Where:

xi=Individual score

nt=Number of treatments (conditions)

ns=Number of subjects

SS(ct)=948–777.6=170.40
d) Error sums of squares SS(error)
The error sums of squares are obtained by subtraction,

SS(error)=SS(ct)−SS(subj)−SS(bet)

SS(error)=170.400–33.733–107.20=29.467

Step 2: Evaluate degrees of freedom

The df for SS(bet) are number of conditions−1=2; df for SS(subj) are the number of
subjects−1=4; the df SS(ct) are the total number of scores−1= 14; and the df for SS(error) are
obtained by subtraction of (df(bet)+df(subj)) from df(ct)=(14−(2+4))=8.

Step 3: Evaluate mean squares

Inferences involving continuous data 329