GTBL042-13 GTBL042-Callister-v2 August 29, 2007 8:52
13.2 Ferrous Alloys • 527Table 13.5Designations, Minimum Mechanical Properties, Approximate Compositions, and Typical Applications for Various Gray,Nodular, Malleable, and Compacted Graphite Cast IronsMechanical PropertiesTensileYieldDuctilityUNSCompositionStrengthStrength[%EL in 50GradeNumber(wt%a)Matrix Structure[MPa(ksi)] [MPa(ksi)]mm(2in.)]Typical ApplicationsGray IronSAE G1800F100043.40–3.7 C,2.55 Si,0.7 MnFerrite+Pearlite124 (18)——Miscellaneous soft iron castings in whichstrength is not a primary considerationSAE G2500F100053.2–3.5 C,2.20 Si,0.8 MnFerrite+Pearlite173 (25)——Small cylinder blocks, cylinder heads,pistons, clutch plates, transmission casesSAE G4000F100083.0–3.3 C,2.0 Si,0.8 MnPearlite276 (40)——Diesel engine castings, liners, cylinders, andpistonsDuctile (Nodular) IronASTM A53660–40–18F328003.5–3.8 C,2.0–2.8 Si,Ferrite414 (60)276 (40)18Pressure-containing parts such as valve andpump bodies100–70–03F348000.05 Mg,<0.20 Ni,Pearlite689 (100)483 (70)3High-strength gears and machinecomponents120–90–02F36200<0.10 MoTemperedmartensite827 (120)621 (90)2Pinions, gears, rollers, slides⎫⎪⎪⎪⎪⎬ ⎪⎪⎪⎪⎭Malleable Iron32510F222002.3–2.7 C,1.0–1.75Si,<0.55
MnFerrite345 (50)224 (32)10General engineering service at normal andelevated temperatures45006F231312.4–2.7 C,1.25–1.55Si,<0.55
MnFerrite+Pearlite448 (65)310 (45)6⎫⎪⎪⎪⎪⎬ ⎪⎪⎪⎪⎭Compacted Graphite IronASTM A842Grade 250Grade 450— —3.1–4.0 C,1.7–3.0 Si,0.015–0.035 Mg,0.06–0.13 TiFerritePearlite250 (36)450 (65)175 (25)315 (46)3 1Diesel engine blocks, exhaust manifolds,brake discs for high-speed trains⎫⎬ ⎭⎫⎬ ⎭a
The balance of the composition is iron.
Source:Adapted fromASM Handbook, Vol. 1,Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels, and High-Performance Alloys, 1990. Reprinted by permission ofASM International, Materials Park, OH.