Fundamentals of Materials Science and Engineering: An Integrated Approach, 3e

GTBL042-App-B GTBL042-Callister-v3 September 21, 2007 20:24

Appendix B / Properties of Selected Engineering Materials • 807

Table B.2 (Continued)

Modulus of Elasticity

Material GPa 106 psi

Polyethylene

• Low density (LDPE) 0.172–0.282 0.025–0.041


• High density (HDPE) 1.08 0.157


• Ultrahigh molecular weight 0.69 0.100
  (UHMWPE)
  Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) 2.76–4.14 0.40–0.60
  Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) 2.24–3.24 0.325–0.470
  Polypropylene (PP) 1.14–1.55 0.165–0.225
  Polystyrene (PS) 2.28–3.28 0.330–0.475
  Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) 0.40–0.55 0.058–0.080
  Poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) 2.41–4.14 0.35–0.60
  FIBER MATERIALS
  Aramid (Kevlar 49) 131 19
  Carbon (PAN precursor)


• Standard modulus 230 33.4


• Intermediate modulus 285 41.3


• High modulus 400 58
  E-glass 72.5 10.5
  COMPOSITE MATERIALS
  Aramid fibers-epoxy matrix
  (Vf=0.60)
  Longitudinal 76 11
  Transverse 5.5 0.8
  High-modulus carbon fibers-epoxy
  matrix (Vf=0.60)
  Longitudinal 220 32
  Transverse 6.9 1.0
  E-glass fibers-epoxy matrix
  (Vf=0.60)
  Longitudinal 45 6.5
  Transverse 12 1.8
  Wood


• Douglas fir (12% moisture)
  Parallel to grain 10.8–13.6c 1.57–1.97c
  Perpendicular to grain 0.54–0.68c 0.078–0.10c


• Red oak (12% moisture)
  Parallel to grain 11.0–14.1c 1.60–2.04c
  Perpendicular to grain 0.55–0.71c 0.08–0.10c
  aSecant modulus taken at 25% of ultimate strength.
  bModulus taken at 100% elongation.
  cMeasured in bending.
  Sources:ASM Handbooks,Volumes 1 and 2, Engineered Materials
  Handbooks,Volumes 1 and 4, Metals Handbook: Properties and Selection:
  Nonferrous Alloys and Pure Metals,Vol. 2, 9th edition, andAdvanced
  Materials & Processes,Vol. 146, No. 4, ASM International, Materials Park,
  OH;Modern Plastics Encyclopedia ‘96,The McGraw-Hill Companies,
  New York, NY; R. F. Floral and S. T. Peters, “Composite Structures and
  Technologies,” tutorial notes, 1989; and manufacturers’ technical data sheets.