P1: PSB Printer: tb-gts4c
GTBL042-Index GTBL042-Callister-v3 October 17, 2007 1:38
Index • 865spheroidite, 432
tempered martensite, 436
Durometer hardness, 226, 229E
Economics, materials selection:
considerations in materials
engineering, 790–791
tubular composite shaft, 641–644
Eddy currents, 742
Edge dislocations, 140, 244–245,
843 .See alsoDislocations
interactions, 246–247
in polymers, 137
E-glass, 636, 637–638
Elastic deformation, 192–199, 843
Elastic modulus,seeModulus of
elasticity
Elastic (strain) recovery, 210, 843
Elastomers, 215, 278–281, 552–557,
610, 843
in composites, 621
deformation, 278–279
thermoplastic, 561–563
trade names, properties, and
applications, 556
Electrical conduction:
in insulators and semiconductors,
466–467
in metals, 466
Electrical conductivity, 462, 468,
469, 841
ranges for material types (bar
chart), 8
selected ceramics and polymers,
496
selected metals, 469
selected semiconductors, 474
temperature variation (Ge), 513
values for electrical wires, 473
Electrical resistivity, 461–462, 850.
See alsoElectrical conductivity
metals
influence of impurities, 470
influence of plastic deformation,
470, 471
influence of temperature,
469–470
values for various materials,
824–827
Electrical wires, aluminum and
copper, 472–473
Electric dipole moment, 501
Electric dipoles,seeDipoles
Electric field, 462, 468, 843Electrochemical cells, 664–665
Electrochemical reactions, 662–670
Electrodeposition, 664–665
Electrode potentials, 664–665
values of, 666
Electroluminescence, 776, 843
Electrolytes, 665, 843
Electromagnetic radiation, 760–762
interactions with atoms/electrons,
763–764
Electromagnetic spectrum,
760–761
Electron band structure,see
Energy bands
Electron cloud, 30
Electron configurations, 21–23, 843
elements, 22
periodic table and, 23–24
stable, 21
Electronegativity, 24, 29, 843
influence on solid solubility, 134
values for the elements, 24
Electroneutrality, 130, 843
Electron gas, 466
Electronic conduction, 463, 497
Electronic polarization, 504, 550,
763, 768, 848
Electron microscopy, 150–153
Electron mobility, 468
influence of dopant content on,
483–484
influence of temperature on,
484–485
selected semiconductors, 474
Electron orbitals, 17
Electron probability distribution,
18, 19
Electrons, 16
conduction process, 476, 492–493
role, diffusion in ionic materials,
177, 179
energy bands,seeEnergy bands
energy levels, 18–21
free,seeFree electrons
scattering, 468, 707
in semiconductors, 474–481
temperature variation of
concentration, 481–483
spin, 19, 727
valence, 21
Electron states, 843
Electron transitions, 763–764
metals, 764–765
nonmetals, 765–767
Electron volt, 28, 843Electropositivity, 24, 843
Electrorheological fluids, 12
Elongation, percent, 203
selected materials, 205, 809–813
selected metals, 205
selected polymers, 205
Embrittlement:
hydrogen, 687–688
temper, 437
Embryo, phase particle, 403–405
Emf series, 665–666, 843
Emitter, 492
Endurance limit, 317.See also
Fatigue limit
Energy:
activation,seeActivation energy
bonding, 26–28, 840
current concerns about, 13,
793–794
free, 342, 343, 402–405, 844
grain boundary, 145
photon, 762
surface, 144
vacancy formation, 129
Energy band gap,seeBand gap
Energy bands, 463–465
structures for metals, insulators,
and semiconductors, 464–465
Energy levels (states), 17–20,
463–464
Energy and materials, 793
Energy product, magnetic, 744–745
Engineering stress/strain, 189–190,
851
Entropy, 279, 342, 402
Environmental considerations and
materials, 792–797
Epoxies:
degradation resistance, 696
polymer-matrix composites,
640–641
repeat unit structure, 834
trade names, characteristics, and
applications, 554
Equilibrium:
definition of, 342
phase, 342–343, 843
Equilibrium diagrams,seePhase
diagrams
Erosion-corrosion, 685–686, 843
Error bars, 230–231
Error function, Gaussian, 168
Etching, 150, 151
Etch pits, 242
Ethane, 99