Index
Absolute values, 78
Addition rule of probabilities, 112
Adjacent values, 81
Adjusted rate, 17
calculation of age-adjusted death rate, 18
Agreement, 118, 119
Alternative hypothesis, 190, 196, 204
Amount of information in a sample, 80
Amount of uncertainty, 148
Analogies, 194
Analysis of variance, 264, 292, 293, 297
analysis-of-variance table, 265, 293, 297
ANOVA, 264, 293, 297
Area under the standard normal curve, 123, 124
Area under ROC curve, 338
Association, 24, 83
At risk, 387
Average rank, 88, 258
Backward elimination, 304, 333, 370
Bar chart, 8, 33
Baseline hazard, 391, 396
Bayes’ theorem, 117, 322
Bernouilli variable, 317, 323
Better treatment, 457, 458
Between mean square, 265
Between sum of squares, 265
Bimodal distribution, 65
Bimodal pattern, 64
Binary covariate, 319
Binary data, 208
Binomial distribution, 132, 133, 135, 139, 171,
407
Binomial probability, 45
Binomial variable, 315
Box plot, 80Cancer trial, 448, 451
Case–control design, 406
Case–control study, 2, 24, 138, 172, 233, 379,
403, 471
Categorical data, 213
Cell reference, 32
Censored observation, 385
Censoring, 385
Central limit theorem, 122, 152, 153, 154, 160,
165, 193, 209, 247
Chance, 108, 122
Chance concordance, 119
Change rate, 11
Chart wizard, 91
Chi-square test, 213, 219, 228, 232
Chi-square distribution, 151, 388
Chi-square statistic, 224
Class boundary, 63
Clinical observation, 5
Clinical trial, 380, 383, 446, 447
Coe‰cient of correlation, 82, 91, 165, 454
Coe‰cient of determination, 290, 297
Coe‰cient of variation, 80
Cohort study, 14, 352, 379, 446
Cohort-escalation trial, 450
531