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the east, signs the Eastern Sudan Peace Agreement with

Khartoum.

2007 The International Criminal Court issues arrest warrants for

government minister Ahmed Haroun and militia leader Ali

Kushayb. Rebels go on the offensive in eastern Darfur and

Kordofan and attack the AU base at Haskanita. GoNU and

SPLM reach a deadlock in the implementation of the CPA,

prompting the SPLM to briefly suspend its participation in

GoNU.

2008 UNAMID takes over from AMIS in Darfur. Sudanese-

backed rebels attack N’Djamena, Chad. Sudan conducts

its fifth national population and housing census. JEM

launches an attack on Omdurman. SPLM holds its second

National Convention in Juba. SPLA and SAF clash violently

in Abyei, much of the town is razed and many of its

residents displaced; the Abyei road map is agreed.

2009 The NCP and JEM sign a goodwill agreement and Qatar

backs negotiations between the two parties in Doha. ICC

issues an arrest warrant for President Bashir. Lam Akol

splits from the SPLM to form SPLM–Democratic Change.

NCP and SPLM publicly accept the ruling of the arbitration

court in The Hague on disputed Abyei region.

2010 A new Darfur coalition, the Liberation and Justice

Movement, is formed; JEM signs a peace accord with the

government, but it quickly falls apart. Following national

elections in April, Omar al-Bashir gains a new term as

President of Sudan, winning 68 per cent of votes, and Salva

Kiir is elected President of Southern Sudan with 93 per

cent.

2011 In referendum on self-determination for southern Sudan 98

per cent of southerners vote for separation from the north.

The Sudan Handbook, edited by John Ryle, Justin Willis, Suliman Baldo and Jok Madut Jok. © 2011 Rift Valley Institute and contributors

(www.riftvalley.net).