The Sociology of Philosophies

FIGURE 9.5. JEWISH PHILOSOPHERS WITHIN CHRISTENDOM, 1135–1535: MAIMONIDISTS, AVERROISTS, AND KABBALISTS ...

these had become obligatory doctrine for the Dominicans, prohibited texts for study among the Franciscans. After Aquinas’s relat ...

immortal as an individual: it has a matter, quite apart from the intellect which cognizes universals, and also apart from the fo ...

of philosophical argument. The Franciscans were particularly badly hit, since Bonaventure’s grand system was now unacceptable an ...

Henry of Ghent, outside Franciscan ranks, already took that tack. Duns Scotus instead now attacks both sides. He seeks for doctr ...

Having overturned both the Platonic-Augustinian epistemologies and their links to theology, Duns presses his attack on the princ ...

Duns is not a mystic. He did not arrive at haecceitas as the result of meditation or the attempt to explain what the meditation ...

ments of Neoplatonism, in the form of a purified mysticism. On this front the fame went to the Dominican Eckhart. The Breakup of ...

Olivi, in the fray against the Aristoteleans had declared that “entities are not unnecessarily multiplied,” and argued that from ...

this line of argument into what seemed almost blasphemous examples: God did not have to become incarnated as a man, Jesus Christ ...

and innovative, and its Aristoteleanism was on the other side of the divide from the radical metaphysics of the Ockhamists or ev ...

FIGURE 9.6. SCHOLASTICS, MYSTICS, HUMANISTS, 1335–1465 ...

quadrivium three more required sciences, based on Aristotle’s texts in natural philosophy, metaphysics, and moral philosophy (CH ...

such as Ockham and Marsilius of Padua. Marsilius and Jean of Jandun had been Paris masters from the 1310s through their exile in ...

in front of the University of Paris in 1347. In the same year Mirecourt’s theses also were condemned. The conflictual situation ...

(i.e., atoms) and geometric theorems. Under pressure from the radicals, Aris- totle was now being creatively used by the conserv ...

retrospectively once a more broadly organized science had been created; we find in them a calculating approach to theory, but wi ...

added this as a supreme stage in a progression of knowledge, and Bonaventure built a metaphysical system around it. Neoplatonic ...

doctrinally the mystics become the negative counterpart of the nominalists based in the most insulated academic faculty of the u ...

induce the experience (Scholem, 1946: 139, 203). The Zohar was written to combat the rationalism of educated Jews; its watchword ...